©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Crit Care Med. Mar 9, 2026; 15(1): 114225
Published online Mar 9, 2026. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.114225
Published online Mar 9, 2026. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.114225
MicroRNAs in sepsis: Advances in diagnosis and prognostic monitoring
Valeria Fraioli, Federico Bilotta, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Lazio, Italy
Marco Sanvitti, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Lazio, Italy
Author contributions: Fraioli V was responsible for conceptualizing and designing the review, performing the literature search, analyzing and interpreting the data, and drafting the original manuscript; Sanvitti M assisted with data extraction, literature review, and manuscript preparation; Bilotta F was responsible for supervising the project, providing critical revisions, and overseeing the overall direction of the work; all authors contributed to manuscript drafting and approved the final version.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.
Corresponding author: Federico Bilotta, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Tor Vergata, Via Cracovia 50, Rome 00133, Lazio, Italy.
Received: September 15, 2025
Revised: October 7, 2025
Accepted: December 16, 2025
Published online: March 9, 2026
Processing time: 167 Days and 12.4 Hours
Revised: October 7, 2025
Accepted: December 16, 2025
Published online: March 9, 2026
Processing time: 167 Days and 12.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as stable and specific biomarkers for sepsis and septic shock diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring. Recent studies validate miRNA-451a (miR-451a), miR-9-5p, miR-193b-5p, miR-135a, miR-155, and miR-182 as superior to conventional markers, reflecting disease severity and immune status. Future diagnostic strategies may benefit from combination miRNA panels, which could enhance accuracy and support precision medicine in sepsis care. Large multicenter studies and methodological standardization remain essential to ensure reproducibility and enable their integration into clinical practice.