Observational Study
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World J Crit Care Med. Sep 9, 2024; 13(3): 96882
Published online Sep 9, 2024. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v13.i3.96882
Outcome of COVID-19 infection in patients on antihypertensives: A cross-sectional study
Sakthivadivel Varatharajan, Gopal K Bohra, Pradeep K Bhatia, Satyendra Khichar, Mahadev Meena, Naveenraj Palanisamy, Archana Gaur, Mahendra K Garg
Sakthivadivel Varatharajan, Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Bibinagar, Hyderabad 508126, Telangana, India
Gopal K Bohra, Satyendra Khichar, Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur 342005, Rajasthan, India
Pradeep K Bhatia, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur 342005, Rajasthan, India
Mahadev Meena, Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal 462020, Madhya Pradesh, India
Naveenraj Palanisamy, Department of General Medicine, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Chennai 600021, Tamilnadu, India
Archana Gaur, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Bibinagar, Hyderabad 508126, Telangana, India
Mahendra K Garg, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur 342005, Rajasthan, India
Co-first authors: Sakthivadivel Varatharajan and Gopal K Bohra.
Author contributions: Varatharajan S and Bohra GK conceived, designed, and coordinated the study, participated in the acquisition and interpretation of the data, and drafted the manuscript; Both of them played crucial role in all aspects of the study; Khichar S, Meena M, and Palanisamy N participated in the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data, and drafted the initial manuscript; Gaur A, Bhatia PK, and Garg MK participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data and revised the article critically for important intellectual content; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by All India Institute of Medical Sciences- Jodhpur Institutional Review Board (AIIMS/IEC/2020-21/2003).
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code, and dataset available from the corresponding author at vsakthivadivel28@gmail.com.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items—and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Sakthivadivel Varatharajan, MD, Additional Professor, Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad 508126, Telangana, India. vsakthivadivel28@gmail.com
Received: May 17, 2024
Revised: August 7, 2024
Accepted: August 13, 2024
Published online: September 9, 2024
Processing time: 105 Days and 0.6 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Hypertension is a common co-morbidity among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Antihypertensives have various effects on the outcome of COVID-19. In this single-center study, we evaluated the effects of antihypertensives, especially angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers, on the outcome of COVID-19 infection. Duration of antihypertensive therapy rather than the type of antihypertensive medication was significantly associated with poor outcomes.