Published online May 9, 2022. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v11.i3.129
Peer-review started: January 11, 2022
First decision: February 8, 2022
Revised: April 1, 2022
Accepted: April 22, 2022
Article in press: April 22, 2022
Published online: May 9, 2022
Processing time: 116 Days and 4.6 Hours
Among the cardiac complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), one increasingly reported in the literature is myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronaries (MINOCA). We reviewed all reported cases of MINOCA in COVID-19 patients to summarize its clinical features, evaluation, and treatment. We performed a literature search in Pubmed using the search terms ‘COVID-19’ and ‘MINOCA’ or ‘non-obstructive coronaries’. Among the reported cases, the mean age was 61.5 years (SD ± 13.4), and 50% were men. Chest pain was the presenting symptom in five patients (62.5%), and hypertension was the most common comorbidity (62.5%). ST-elevation was seen in most patients (87.5%), and the overall mortality rate was 37.5%. MINOCA in COVID-19 is an entity with a broad differential diagnosis. Therefore, a uniform algorithm is needed in its evaluation to ensure timely diagnosis and management.
Core Tip: Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) may be more commonly seen in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To ensure that cases of MINOCA are identified and managed appropriately, a well-defined, algorithmic approach should be taken while evaluating COVID-19 patients with evidence of myocardial injury. This review summarizes the clinical characteristics and outcomes of all COVID-19 patients with MINOCA reported to date.