Neonatal cholestasis is associated with cytochrome P450 1A2 detoxification defect: A single center pilot study

doi:10.5409/wjcp.v15.i1.113478

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Mar 9, 2026 (publication date) through Mar 12, 2026

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

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2219-2808

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Pediatr. Mar 9, 2026; 15(1): 113478
Published online Mar 9, 2026. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v15.i1.113478

Table 1 Characteristics of both studied groups with cholestasis

Laboratory investigations		BA group (n = 20)	NH group (n = 20)	P value
Age (months)	mean ± SD	2.16 ± 0.58	2.51 ± 1.05	0.42
Age (months)	Range	1.2-3	0.83-6	0.42
Sex	Male	16	11	0.09
Sex	Female	4	9	0.09
Age onset of disease (days)	Median (IQR)	3 (1.25-3)	3 (2.25-10)	0.21
Age onset of disease (days)	Range	1-60	1-165	0.21
Age at diagnosis (months)	mean ± SD	2 (1.5-2.5)	2 (1.13)	0.78
Age at diagnosis (months)	Range	1-3	0.75-6	0.78
Weight percentile	Median (IQR)	25 (10-25)	10 (10-25)	0.48
Weight percentile	Min-Max	3-75	3-50	0.48
Height percentile	Median (IQR)	10 (3-25)	25 (5-50)	0.24
Height percentile	Min-Max	3-50	3-75	0.24
TB (mg/dL)	mean ± SD	10.96 ± 3.46	9.49 ± 5.86	0.34
TB (mg/dL)	Range	5.2-17.9	7-21.7	0.34
DB (mg/dL)	mean ± SD	7.69 ± 2.85	4.68 ± 3.42	0.004^a
DB (mg/dL)	Range	2.5-12.5	3-11.7	0.004^a
ALT (IU/L)	mean ± SD	213.9 ±133.5	225.6 ± 193.7	0.82
ALT (IU/L)	Range	9-563	29-790	0.82
AST (IU/L)	mean ± SD	238.66 ± 118.2	228.65 ± 263.8	0.88
AST (IU/L)	Range	41-452	64-1320	0.88
GGT (IU/L)	mean ± SD	880.5 ± 863.7	225.7 ± 164	0.006^a
GGT (IU/L)	Range	35-1022	36-710	0.006^a
ALP (IU/L)	mean ± SD	478.2 ± 403	234.2 ± 215.3	0.025^a
ALP (IU/L)	Range	104-1980	18-967	0.025^a
CYP1A2 (ng/mL)	mean ± SD	13.58 ± 9.73	9.59 ± 9.95	0.1
CYP1A2 (ng/mL)	Range	4.3-33.9	1.3-19	0.1

^aP < 0.05.

BA: Biliary atresia; IQR: Interquartile range; NH: Neonatal hepatitis; TB: Total bilirubin (n < 1 mg/dL); DB: Direct bilirubin (n < 0.4 mg/dL); ALT: Alanine transaminase (n < 48 IU/L); AST: Aspartate aminotransferase (n < 52 IU/L); GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase (n < 52 IU/L); ALP: Alkaline phosphatase (n < 360 IU/L); Min-Max: Minimum-maximum.

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Table 2 Cytochrome P450 1A2 of both studied groups with cholestasis compared to control group

CYP1A2 (ng/mL)	BA group (n = 20)	NH group (n = 20)	Control group (n = 20)	Test of significance	P value
Median (IQR)	11.35 (5.2-19.25)	4.5 (1-16.75)	34.15 (18.48-40.9)	KW = 26.05	P1 = 0.1
mean ± SD	13.58 ± 9.73	9.59 ± 9.95	31.68 ± 12.33	KW = 26.05	P2 = 0.001^a
Range	3.5-33.9	0.5-32	11.8-50	P = 0.001^a	P3 = 0.001^a

^aP < 0.05.

CYP1A2: Cytochrome P450 1A2; BA: Biliary atresia; IQR: Interquartile range; KW: Kuskal Wallis; NH: Neonatal hepatitis; P1: The difference between biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis groups; P2: The difference between biliary atresia group and the control group; P3: The difference between neonatal hepatitis group and the control group.

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Table 3 Cytochrome P450 1A2 levels according to age among biliary atresia, neonatal hepatitis and control groups

Age groups	CYP1A2 (ng/mL)	BA group (n = 20)	NH group (n = 20)	Control group (n = 20)	P value
1 month subgroup	n	n = 7	n = 2	n = 6	0.006^a
	mean ± SD	13.58 ± 9.73	9.59 ± 9.95	31.68 ± 12.33
	Range	4.3-33.9	1.3-19	18.3-50
2 months subgroup	n	n = 8	n = 4	n = 8	0.007^a
	mean ± SD	12.84 ± 11.91	6.72 ± 6.4	34.29 ± 13.63
	Range	3.6-33.5	0.5-15.7	11.8-47.7
3 months subgroup	n	n = 5	n = 14	n = 6	0.01
	mean ± SD	12.84 ± 8.73	10.8 ± 11	27.1 ± 11.49
	Range	3.5-24	0.5-26	12-39.7

^aP < 0.05.

CYP1A2: Cytochrome P450 1A2; BA: Biliary atresia; NH: Neonatal hepatitis.

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Citation: Kotb MA, Wilson MM, Shafik AN, Ahmed NA, Fahim VF, Lotfi NA, Eissawy YM. Neonatal cholestasis is associated with cytochrome P450 1A2 detoxification defect: A single center pilot study. World J Clin Pediatr 2026; 15(1): 113478
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2219-2808/full/v15/i1/113478.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v15.i1.113478