Longitudinal extensive anti-AMPA-GluR3-related transverse myelitis and favorable therapeutic response: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Literature data reviewed and summarized

Ref.	Patients (age/sex)	Clinical presentation	NMO-IgG/CSF	Treatment	Outcome
Nightingale et al[13], 2011 (case 1)	78 years, adult	Bilateral leg weakness, sensory changes in feet, areflexia	NMO-IgG positive	IV methylprednisolone + plasma exchange	Sensory improvement, persistent motor deficit
Nightingale et al[13], 2011 (case 2)	31 years, adult	Leg weakness + paresthesia (5 days)	NMO-IgG negative	IV methylprednisolone	Complete remission within 3 months
Koul et al[25], 2017	19 children (20-year retrospective study)	18 (94.6%) with LETM lesions	-	Various therapies	Not reported in detail
Celik et al[26], 2021	15 children (8 female, 7 male)	Inability to walk (80%), incontinence (60%), low back pain (26.6%), abdominal pain (13.3%), upper limb weakness (13.3%)	-	Immunomodulators (early = better prognosis)	Better motor and continence recovery when treated early
Chawla et al[1], 2019	61 years, woman with SLE and RA	Chest/gait paresthesia, lower limb weakness, urinary incontinence, unsteady gait	CSF normal	-	Not specified
Chandrasekar et al[2], 2022 (3 cases)	3 children	Case 1 bilateral vision loss, headache, vomiting, seizures; case 2 abdominal pain, urinary retention, constipation, patchy sensory loss; case 3 fever, lower limb weakness, hypotonia, muscle strength 1-2/5	-	Early aggressive immunomodulatory therapy	Improvement in 2 cases
Celik et al[26], 2021	Various patients (IgG4, NMO, other etiologies)	LETM is associated with various conditions (inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic, metabolic)	Variable	-	Variable

NMO-IgG: Neuromyelitis optica immunoglobulin G; CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid; IV: Intravenous; LETM: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis.