©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Clin Pediatr. Mar 9, 2026; 15(1): 119008
Published online Mar 9, 2026. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v15.i1.119008
Published online Mar 9, 2026. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v15.i1.119008
Paediatric urolithiasis: Medical & surgical management & sophistication
Sunil Jain, Department of Paediatrics, Army Medical Corps, c/o 56 APO 900244, India
Prem Kamal Jain, Computer Science & Applied Bioinformatics, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, New Delhi 110020, India
Author contributions: Jain S conceptualized current research review framework and designed directions for future; Jain S and Jain PK deliberated viewpoints; Jain S and Jain PK analyzed data; Jain S and Jain PK wrote the final editorial.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
Corresponding author: Sunil Jain, MD, Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Army Medical Corps, Military Hospital, c/o 56 APO 900244, India. sunil_jain700@rediff.com
Received: January 16, 2026
Revised: January 22, 2026
Accepted: February 26, 2026
Published online: March 9, 2026
Processing time: 49 Days and 16 Hours
Revised: January 22, 2026
Accepted: February 26, 2026
Published online: March 9, 2026
Processing time: 49 Days and 16 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Urolithiasis is distressing, demanding energetic management. Acute management requires analgesics and antiemetics as needed. Assessment should be for size, location, and aetiology. Stone passage may be spontaneous and medical expulsive therapy can be tried (small ureteral calculi < 4-5 mm). Stone removal becomes necessary for stones that do not pass or are unlikely to pass spontaneously, and if there is evidence of urinary tract infection. Three definitive interventions available are: Shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The underlying metabolic disorder should be addressed. Primary prevention should be for all, and includes physiological functioning.