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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Pediatr. Dec 9, 2025; 14(4): 109671
Published online Dec 9, 2025. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v14.i4.109671
Published online Dec 9, 2025. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v14.i4.109671
Steroid response and outcomes in childhood nephrotic syndrome: A multicenter, cross-sectional study from Jordan
Salma A Ajarmeh, Department of Pediatrics, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Karak, Jordan
Salma A Ajarmeh, Department of Pediatrics, Karak Governmental Hospital, Karak 17160, Jordan
Kamal Akl, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Jordan University Hospital, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
Muna Al Shawabkeh, Department of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Karak, Jordan
Jumana Al Baramki, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
Author contributions: Ajarmeh SA, Al Shawabkeh M, AL Baramki J, and Akl K contributed to the study conception and design; Ajarmeh SA, AL Baramki J, and Akl K performed material preparation, data collection, and data analysis; Ajarmeh SA wrote the manuscript draft and its revisions, with all authors providing feedback on all versions; Ajarmeh SA, Al Shawabkeh M, AL Baramki J, and Akl K read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Mutah University (IRB approval number: 292022).
Informed consent statement: The need for patient consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.
Data sharing statement: Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request for academic purposes.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Salma A Ajarmeh, MD, Associate Professor, Consultant, Department of Pediatrics, Mutah University, University Street, Karak 61710, Karak, Jordan.
Received: May 18, 2025
Revised: June 19, 2025
Accepted: July 15, 2025
Published online: December 9, 2025
Processing time: 166 Days and 17.5 Hours
Revised: June 19, 2025
Accepted: July 15, 2025
Published online: December 9, 2025
Processing time: 166 Days and 17.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This retrospective study highlights the outcomes of nephrotic syndrome in Jordanian children, demonstrating that steroid resistant and frequent relapser have higher complication rates. It also emphasizes the importance of early identification and follow-up.