Pan Y, Jiao FY. Systematic comparison of Kawasaki disease Z-score formulas: Enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability across populations. World J Clin Pediatr 2025; 14(1): 102254 [DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.102254]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Fu-Yong Jiao, PhD, Shaanxi Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi'an, Jiaotong Univeristy, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China. 3105089948@qq.com
Research Domain of This Article
Immunology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Clin Pediatr. Mar 9, 2025; 14(1): 102254 Published online Mar 9, 2025. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v14.i1.102254
Systematic comparison of Kawasaki disease Z-score formulas: Enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability across populations
Yan Pan, Fu-Yong Jiao
Yan Pan, Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei Province, China
Fu-Yong Jiao, Shaanxi Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi'an, Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
Author contributions: Jiao FY designed the research study; Pan Y designed the research study, performed the research, contributed new reagents and analytic tools, analyzed the data, wrote the manuscript, read and approve the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Fu-Yong Jiao, PhD, Shaanxi Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi'an, Jiaotong Univeristy, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China. 3105089948@qq.com
Received: October 12, 2024 Revised: November 2, 2024 Accepted: November 19, 2024 Published online: March 9, 2025 Processing time: 68 Days and 8.6 Hours
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the performance of six distinct Z-score formulas in diagnosing coronary artery dilation in Kawasaki disease (KD) patients, with a focus on their clinical applicability across diverse populations. A retrospective analysis was conducted using comparative statistical methods to assess the sensitivity and specificity of each formula. The Kobayashi and Dallaire formulas demonstrated the highest sensitivity in China, particularly in younger patients with prolonged fever duration. Our findings provide evidence-based recommendations for selecting Z-score formulas to optimize diagnostic precision in KD patients.
Core Tip: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a critical pediatric vasculitis, with coronary artery lesions (CALs) as its most severe complication. The coronary artery Z-score is a valuable metric for assessing coronary dilation in KD patients. This paper reviews six Z-score calculation formulas, with a focus on their clinical applicability in different populations. A retrospective study from Suzhou, China, shows that the Kobayashi and Dallaire formulas offer the best sensitivity and accuracy for Chinese children, leading to better diagnostic outcomes and improved management of CALs.
