Risk factors for surgical site infection after craniotomy for meningioma resection in a tertiary hospital in China

doi:10.5306/wjco.122421

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology

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2218-4333

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Oncol. Aug 24, 2026; 17(8): 122421
Published online Aug 24, 2026. doi: 10.5306/wjco.122421

Table 1 Demographic differences of the study cohort (n = 230), n (%)

Variable	Non-SSI (n = 184)	SSI (n = 46)	P value
Age (years)	57.00 (43.00, 62.00)	57.00 (43.00, 62.00)	0.948
Sex			> 0.999
Female	128 (70)	32 (70)
Male	56 (30)	14 (30)
Year			> 0.999
2021	20 (11)	5 (11)
2022	16 (8.7)	4 (8.7)
2023	36 (20)	9 (20)
2024	68 (37)	17 (37)
2025	44 (24)	11 (24)
Preop days	2.50 (1.00, 4.00)	3.50 (2.00, 4.75)	0.161
ASA			> 0.999
I-II	169 (92)	43 (93)
III-IV	15 (8.2)	3 (6.5)
Wound class			0.789
I	155 (84)	38 (83)
II	29 (16)	8 (17)
Blood loss (mL)	20.00 (0.00, 100.00)	0.00 (0.00, 100.00)	0.505
Skull base	72 (39)	33 (72)	< 0.001
Recurrence	20 (11)	5 (11)	> 0.999
Tumor size (mm)	27.00 (19.00, 39.12)	40.00 (30.00, 52.75)	< 0.001
WHO grade			0.413
1	155 (84.2)	38 (82.6)
2-3	29 (15.8)	8(17.4)
Intraop_EVD/LD	19 (10)	16 (35)	< 0.001
Steroid_periop	50 (27)	29 (63)	< 0.001
Preop_antibiotics	133(72)	26 (57)	0.038
mFI-5			0.035
0	96 (52)	16 (35)
≥ 1	88 (48)	30 (65)
PNI	51.50 (46.39, 54.32)	49.15 (44.26, 54.34)	0.308
NLR	2.13 (1.63, 3.17)	2.49 (1.64, 3.26)	0.143
GNRI	105.06 (100.18, 108.91)	104.01 (100.48, 108.07)	0.455
Pre-exist HAI before SSI	5 (2.7)	3 (6.5)	0.200
Surgery time (hour)	2.42 (1.67, 3.00)	4.17 (2.83, 6.00)	< 0.001

SSI: Surgical site infection; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; WHO: World Health Organization; EVD/LD: External ventricular drain/Lumbar drainage; mFI-5: Modified 5-item frailty index; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; GNRI: Geriatric nutritional risk index; HAI: Hospital-acquired infection.

Full Size Table

Table 2 Univariable conditional logistic regression results

Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value
Preop days	1.13 (0.95-1.34)	0.177
ASA (III-IV)	0.79 (0.22-2.81)	0.717
Wound class (II)	1.12 (0.48-2.64)	0.789
Blood loss (per 100 mL)	1.03 (0.78-1.38)	0.816
Skull base (yes)	3.87 (1.91-7.84)	< 0.001
Recurrence (yes)	1.00 (0.36-2.81)	1.000
Tumor size	1.05 (1.02-1.07)	< 0.001
WHO grade (2-3)	1.53 (0.61-3.82)	0.365
Intraop_EVD_LD (yes)	4.25 (1.98-9.13)	< 0.001
Steroid_periop (yes)	5.10 (2.45-10.63)	< 0.001
Preop_antibiotics (yes)	0.50 (0.26-0.98)	0.043
mFI-5 (≥ 1)	2.25 (1.10-4.60)	0.025
PNI	0.99 (0.97-1.01)	0.358
NLR	1.06 (1.00-1.13)	0.067
GNRI	1.00 (0.97-1.04)	0.769
Pre-exist HAI before SSI (yes)	2.60 (0.57-11.89)	0.217
Surgery time	1.92 (1.50-2.46)	< 0.001

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; WHO: World Health Organization; EVD_LD: External ventricular drain_ lumbar drainage; mFI-5: Modified 5-item frailty index; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; GNRI: Geriatric nutritional risk index; HAI: Hospital-acquired infection; SSI: Surgical site infection.

Full Size Table

Table 3 Multivariable conditional logistic regression (estimates pooled by Rubin’s rules across 10 imputed datasets)

Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value
Tumor size	1.02 (0.991-1.05)	0.169
NLR	1.081 (1.007-1.159)	0.030
Surgery time	1.824 (1.405-2.369)	< 0.001

OR: Odds ratio ; CI: Confidence interval; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

Full Size Table

Citation: Wang H, He YL, Gao Y, Gao XR, Sun LY, Yan JC, Lu Q, Ni KW. Risk factors for surgical site infection after craniotomy for meningioma resection in a tertiary hospital in China. World J Clin Oncol 2026; 17(8): 122421
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-4333/full/v17/i8/122421.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.122421

Wang H, He YL, Gao Y, Gao XR, Sun LY, Yan JC, Lu Q, Ni KW. Risk factors for surgical site infection after craniotomy for meningioma resection in a tertiary hospital in China. World J Clin Oncol 2026; 17(8): 122421 [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.122421]

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