Integrated Chinese and Western medicine prolong survival in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis: A retrospective cohort study

doi:10.5306/wjco.v17.i5.118265

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May 24, 2026 (publication date) through May 23, 2026

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology

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2218-4333

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Oncol. May 24, 2026; 17(5): 118265
Published online May 24, 2026. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v17.i5.118265

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between two cohorts, mean ± SD/n (%)

	Cohort A (n = 185)	Cohort B (n = 314)	t/χ²	P value
Age	62.47 ± 11.30	58.51 ± 10.33	3.89	< 0.01^a
Gender			0.60	0.44
Male	106 (57.30)	191 (60.83)
Female	79 (42.70)	123 (39.17)
Primary site			0.08	0.78
Right-side colon	57 (30.81)	93 (29.62)
Left-side colon	128 (69.19)	221 (70.38)
Local treatment of liver metastases¹			40.60	< 0.01^a
Yes	66 (35.68)	204 (64.97)
No	119 (64.32)	110 (35.03)
Gene type			0.81	0.67
RAS/BRAF wild type	83 (44.86)	141 (44.90)
RAS/BRAF mutation	87 (47.03)	154 (49.04)
No genetic testing	15 (8.11)	19 (6.05)
Site of metastasis			0.13	0.72
Liver metastasis only	73 (39.46)	129 (41.08)
Combined with extrahepatic metastasis	112 (60.54)	185 (58.92)

^aP < 0.01.

¹Local treatments include radiofrequency ablation, local interventional surgical resection, radiotherapy, and argon-helium knife therapy.

RAS: Rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; BRAF: B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase.

Full Size Table

Table 2 Cumulative survival rates at 3 years and 5 years

	Cohort A	Cohort B	χ²	P value
3-year survival rate	47.03%	35.99%	5.88	0.02^a
5-year survival rate	19.46%	10.51%	7.58	0.01^a

^aP < 0.05.

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Table 3 Subgroup analysis forest plot

Subgroup	mOS/month (95%CI)		χ²	HR (95%CI)	P value
Subgroup	Cohort A	Cohort B	χ²	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age
< 65 years	39.87 (33-48.5)	28.62 (25.4-31.8)	15.16	0.59 (0.45-0.77)	< 0.01^b
≥ 65 years	31 (28-41)	27.13 (22.3-32.47)	4.58	0.70 (0.50-0.97)	0.03^a
Sex
Male	36 (31-45.27)	30.57 (26.4-34.53)	6.25	0.70 (0.53-0.92)	0.01^a
Female	35.57 (30.8-44)	25.37 (22.53-28.4)	12.55	0.70 (0.51-0.97)	< 0.01^b
Side
Left	36.53 (32.47-44)	32.43 (28.73-36.23)	6.50	0.73 (0.57-0.93)	0.01^a
Right	32 (28.4-44)	19.47 (15.23-23.3)	13.25	0.50 (0.34-0.73)	< 0.01^b
Gene
RAS/BRAF wild-type	41.57 (35-57.5)	32.6 (27.87-36.07)	9.22	0.62 (0.45-0.84)	< 0.01^b
RAS/BRAF mutant	32.47 (28.4-40.6)	26.38 (22.53-29.63)	6.97	0.67 (0.50-0.90)	< 0.01^b
Local treatment of liver metastases
Yes	48.43 (35.5-64)	31.25 (28.27-34.43)	13.25	0.54 (0.38-0.75)	< 0.01^b
No	31.9 (28.8-39)	20.28 (17.2-24.37)	13.60	0.59 (0.45-0.79)	< 0.01^b
Treatment lines
Before the third line	32.7 (30-41)	25.8 (23.3-28.93)	9.72	0.69 (0.55-0.87)	< 0.01^b
After the third line	43.73 (35-57.5)	32.6 (29.8-36.7)	11.14	0.48 (0.30-0.74)	< 0.01^b
Only liver metastasis	33.53 (28.4-62.9)	30.7 (27.4-36.23)	6.60	0.65 (0.46-0.90)	0.01^a
Combined with extrahepatic metastasis	36.53 (31.4-43)	25.8 (21.3-29.63)	10.82	0.65 (0.50-0.84)	< 0.01^b

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

RAS: Rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; BRAF: B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase; mOS: Median overall survival; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

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Table 4 Cox multifactor analysis

Factor	SEM	χ²	ν	P value	HR (95%CI)
Primary site (right/Left-side colon)	0.056	7.769	1	0. 006^b	1.364 (1.093-1.692)
Gene type (RAS/BRAF wild type RAS/BRAF mutation)	0.086	8.490	2	0.022^a	0.785 (0.639-0.965)
Local treatment of liver metastases (yes/no)	0.053	21.197	1	< 0.001^b	0.616 (0.501-0.757)
Cohort (ICWM/WM)	0.056	31.773	1	< 0.001^b	0.533 (0.427-0.662)

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

RAS: Rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; BRAF: B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase; ICWM: Integrated Chinese and Western medicine; WM: Western medicine; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

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Citation: Bian JY, Sun YX, Wang LF, He WT, Liu CB, Wang XQ, Zhang T. Integrated Chinese and Western medicine prolong survival in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis: A retrospective cohort study. World J Clin Oncol 2026; 17(5): 118265
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2218-4333/full/v17/i5/118265.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i5.118265

Bian JY, Sun YX, Wang LF, He WT, Liu CB, Wang XQ, Zhang T. Integrated Chinese and Western medicine prolong survival in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis: A retrospective cohort study. World J Clin Oncol 2026; 17(5): 118265 [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v17.i5.118265]

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