Role of endoscopic ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging for screening of pancreatic cancer in low-risk individuals

Table 1 Basic characteristics of the enrolled patients, n (%)/mean ± SD

	MRI (n = 1553)	EUS (n = 1811)	P value
Age (year)	55.1 ± 11.0	52.9 ± 10.2	0.251
Gender (male)	976 (62.8)	1101 (60.8)	0.222
Body mass index, kg/m2	22.4 ± 6.9	23.5 ± 4.2	< 0.001
Smoking	139 (8.9)	195 (10.8)	0.073
Alcohol consumption	165 (10.6)	189 (10.4)	0.889
Diabetes	87 (5.6)	125 (6.9)	0.122
Laboratory result
Hemoglobin, g/dL	14.4 ± 1.5	14.3 ± 1.6	0.299
White blood cell, 103/μL	5.6 ± 1.5	5.5 ± 1.4	0.203
Platelet, 103/μL	248.3 ± 58.6	238.2 ± 57.1	0.595
Amylase, U/L	61.7 ± 25.8	61.8 ± 21.2	0.167
GPT, U/L	27.3 ± 20.5	27.8 ± 17.8	0.411
Total bilirubin, g/dL	0.96 ± 0.46	0.97 ± 0.53	0.270
Creatinine, mg/dL	0.79 ± 0.27	0.84 ± 0.19	< 0.001
LDL, mg/dL	124.1 ± 35.4	127.9 ± 35.1	0.317
Hba1c, %	5.72 ± 0.76	5.77 ± 0.74	0.063
CA19-9, U/mL	11.7 ± 10.1	12.4 ± 11.2	0.380

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasonography; GPT: Glutamic pyruvic transaminase; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; Hba1c: Hemoglobin A1c; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9.

Table 2 Abnormal pancreatic lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic ultrasound during surveillance, n (%)

	MRI (n = 1553)	EUS (n = 1811)	P value
Pancreatic lesion	40 (2.6)	231 (12.8)	< 0.001
Cystic lesion	35 (2.3)	182 (10.1)	< 0.001
Solid lesion	5 (0.3)	42 (2.3)	< 0.001
Cystic and solid lesion	0 (0)	7 (0.4)	0.014
Abdominal ultrasound finding	7 (0.5)	15 (0.8)	0.176
Cystic lesion	6 (0.4)	15 (0.8)	0.105
Solid lesion	1 (0.06)	0 (0)	0.280
Proven neoplasm
Adenocarcinoma	1 (0.06)	2 (0.11)	0.656
Neuroendocrine tumor	1 (0.06)	2 (0.11)	0.656
IPMN	4 (0.26)	0 (0)	0.031
Suspicious neoplasm
Branch-duct IPMN	7 (0.5)	42 (2.3)	< 0.001
Main-duct IPMN	1 (0.06)	1 (0.06)	0.913
Mixed-type IPMN	0 (0)	2 (0.11)	0.190
Serous cystic neoplasm	1 (0.06)	2 (0.11)	0.656
Mucinous cystic neoplasm	0 (0)	1 (0.06)	0.354
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm	0 (0)	1 (0.06)	0.354

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasonography; IPMN: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm.

Table 3 Characteristics of pancreatic lesions on magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic ultrasound, n (%)

	MRI (n = 40)	EUS (n = 231)	P value
Cystic lesion	35 (87.5)	182 (78.8)	0.203
Size (mm)	6.4 ± 2.2	6.2 ± 5.0	0.503
Number
1	21	171	< 0.001
2	7	6
3	4	3
≥ 4	3	2
Solid lesion	5 (12.5)	42 (18.2)	0.381
Size (mm)	18.0 ± 11.8	9.2 ± 6.9	0.044
Number
1	5	41	0.727
2	0	1
Cystic and solid lesion	0 (0)	7 (3.0)	0.265

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasonography.