Perioperative immunotherapy combined with standard therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive locally advanced gastric cancer: A case report

Table 1 Comparison of perioperative treatments for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive locally advanced gastric cancer

Clinical trial number	Regimen name	Experi-mental stage	Enrolled participants number	Treatment	Conclusions
NCT01472029	HER-FLOT	II	56	DOF + trastuzumab	pCR: 21.4%; median DFS: 42.5 months; 2-year OS rate: 89.3%. Trastuzumab shows promising potential in the neoadjuvant treatment of gastric cancer
NCT01130337	NEOHX	II	36	XELOX + trastuzumab	pCR rate: 9.6%; 18-month DFS rate: 71%; 5-year OS rate: 58%. The efficacy of XELOX combined with trastuzumab in the neoadjuvant treatment of gastric cancer has been preliminarily established
NCT02581462	PETRARCA	II/III	40 vs 41	FLOT + trastuzumab + pertuzumab vs FLOT	pCR: 35% vs 12%, R0 resection rate: 93% vs 90%. Further evidence has confirmed the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant targeted therapy
NCT02205047	INNOVATION (EORTC-1203-GITCG)	II	70 vs 67 vs 35	Trastuzumab + pertuzumab + chemotherapy vstrastuzumab + chemotherapy vs chemotherapy	R0 resection rate: 85.9% vs 90.3% vs 83.9%; MPR rate: 26.4% vs 37.0% vs 23.3%; trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy in the perioperative setting demonstrates favorable pCR rates
NCT05034887	EPOC2003	II	27	Trastuzumab Deruxtecan	MPR rate: 14.8%; pCR rate: 3.7%. The short-term efficacy of T-DXd monotherapy in locally advanced HER2-positive G/GEJ adenocarcinoma has been unsatisfactory
		II	27	Disitamab vedotin + toripalimab + tegafur (S-1)	Among them, 20 patients underwent surgery. R0 resection rate: 100%; MPR rate: 50%; pCR rate: 30%; median DFS or OS not reached. Provides a safe and effective neoadjuvant treatment option for patients with locally advanced HER2-positive G/GEJ adenocarcinoma
NCT06385873	-	II	Estimated 32	Disitamab vedotin + toripalimab + apatinib + tegafur (S-1)	Ongoing
NCT0466115	-	II	21 vs 21	Atezolizumab + trastuzumab + XELOX vs trastuzumab + XELOX	pCR rate: 38.1% vs 14.3%; the addition of atezolizumab to the trastuzumab combined with XELOX regimen is effective in treating patients with HER2-positive, locally advanced, resectable G/GEJ adenocarcinoma
NCT04819971		II	25	Tislelizumab + trastuzumab + DOS	Four patients achieved cCR, and 18 patients underwent surgery with an R0 resection rate of 100%; pCR + cCR rate: 54.5%; MPR rate: 72.2%; T-stage reduction rate: 88.9%; indicates the potent tumor-reducing and downstaging effects of preoperative neoadjuvant therapy

cCR: Clinical complete response; HER2: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; ICI: Immune checkpoint inhibitor; pCR: Pathological complete response; DFS: Disease-free survival; OS: Overall survival; MPR: Major pathological response; G/GEJ: Gastric/gastroesophageal junction.