Cancer prevention in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection

doi:10.5306/wjco.v9.i5.71

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology

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Editorial

World J Clin Oncol. Sep 14, 2018; 9(5): 71-73
Published online Sep 14, 2018. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v9.i5.71

Cancer prevention in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection

Evripidis Valanikas, Konstantinos Dinas, Konstantinos Tziomalos

Evripidis Valanikas, Konstantinos Tziomalos, First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece

Konstantinos Dinas, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece

Author contributions: Valanikas E drafted the editorial; Dinas K and Tziomalos K critically revised the draft.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest related to this publication.

Correspondence to: Konstantinos Tziomalos, MD, MSc, PhD, Assistant Professor, First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 1 Stilponos Kyriakidi Street, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece. ktziomalos@yahoo.com

Telephone: +30-2310-994621 Fax: +30-2310-994773

Received: May 2, 2018
Peer-review started: May 3, 2018
First decision: June 6, 2018
Revised: June 16, 2018
Accepted: June 27, 2018
Article in press: June 28, 2018
Published online: September 14, 2018
Processing time: 135 Days and 20 Hours

Abstract

Cancer is a leading cause of death in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. With the advent of antiretroviral treatment, the risk of AIDS-defining cancers declined but the ageing of this population resulted in the emergence of other common cancers, particularly lung and hepatocellular cancer. Accordingly, screening programs similar to the general population should be implemented in patients with HIV infection. Vaccination against common oncogenic viruses is also essential. However, rates of cancer screening and vaccination against HPV and HBV are considerably low in this population, highlighting a pressing need to educate patients and healthcare professionals about the importance of cancer preventive measures in these vulnerable patients.

Keywords: Antiretroviral treatment; Prevention; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; Cancer; Vaccination

Core tip: Cancer is a leading cause of death in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. With the advent of antiretroviral treatment, the risk of AIDS-defining cancers declined but the ageing of this population resulted in the emergence of other common cancers, particularly lung and hepatocellular cancer. Accordingly, screening programs similar to the general population should be implemented in patients with HIV infection. Vaccination against common oncogenic viruses is also essential.