Ethnic variations in ulcerative colitis: Experience of an international hospital in Thailand

Table 1 Ethnicity distribution of ulcerative colitis (2008-2010) and total gastrointestinal patients (2005-2010)

Ethnicity	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	Total	%Total	UC	UC	Annual Incidence
Thai	18820	20093	20256	23423	24224	23456	130272	49%	69	19%	32
Oriental	5333	6737	7060	8237	8614	9614	45595	17%	23	6%	29
South Asian	2329	2206	2003	2344	2566	2935	14383	5%	33	9%	140
Middle Eastern	4567	5831	6418	7828	7726	9483	41853	16%	155	42%	206
Caucasian	4088	4712	5264	5209	5658	5572	30503	11%	86	23%	174
African	488	598	836	1050	1287	1193	5452	2%	5	1%	47
Hispanic	44	86	60	73	67	77	407	0%	0	0%	0
Total	35669	40263	41897	48164	50142	52330	268465		371		821

¹Overall annual incidence was calculated from UC cases identified from all patients during 2008-2010 and therefore was not equal to the column average annual incidence. UC: Ulcerative colitis.

Table 2 Duration of ulcerative colitis symptoms and severity at presentation by ethnicity

Ethnicity	Duration (mo)	95%CI	Inactive	Mild	Moderate	Severe	%Severe	Extra-intestinal	Surgery
Thai	6.34	2.67-10.00	2	41	16	10	14.49%	2.90%	5.80%
Oriental	13.44	-10.42-37.31	0	9	10	4	17.39%	0.00%	8.70%
South Asian	14.04	3.45-24.63	2	16	8	6	18.75%	15.15%	12.12%
Middle Eastern	18.46	10.63-26.29	8	55	58	31	20.39%	9.68%	3.87%
Caucasian	6.74	0.08-13.41	6	35	33	10	11.90%	9.30%	6.98%
African	34.67	-29.98-99.32	0	3	2	0	0.00%	40.00%	0.00%
Overall	13.06	9.05-17.07	18	159	127	61	16.71%	8.63%	5.93%

Table 3 Extra-intestinal manifestations

Organs	Manifestations (No.)
Skin	Psoriasis (4)
	Erythema nodosum (1)
	Pyoderma gangrenosum (1)
	Dermatitis (1)
Musculoskeletal	Arthritis (4)
	Sacroilitis (1)
	Osteoporosis (4)
Liver	Sclerosing cholangitis (4)
Miscellaneous	Oropharyngeal ulcer (2)