Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Jun 5, 2026; 17(2): 118778
Published online Jun 5, 2026. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v17.i2.118778
Published online Jun 5, 2026. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v17.i2.118778
Surgical interventions in inflammatory bowel disease: Indications, techniques, outcomes, and future directions
Himanshu Agrawal, Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi), GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
Nikhil Gupta, Department of Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Delhi 110001, India
Co-first authors: Himanshu Agrawal and Nikhil Gupta.
Author contributions: Agrawal H conceived and designed the study, performed the literature search, interpreted the data, and drafted the manuscript. He was responsible for critical revision of the article for important intellectual content and approved the final version for submission; Gupta N contributed to literature review, data interpretation, and critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual and clinical relevance. He reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Agrawal H and Gupta N contributed equally to this work as co-first authors.
AI contribution statement: The authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) for language refinement and editing without altering the manuscript's scientific content, interpretation, or conclusions. All scientific content and interpretation were developed and verified by the authors.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to this manuscript.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Corresponding author: Nikhil Gupta, Department of Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, BKS Marg, Delhi 110001, India. nikhil_ms26@yahoo.co.in
Received: January 12, 2026
Revised: February 2, 2026
Accepted: February 12, 2026
Published online: June 5, 2026
Processing time: 137 Days and 1.2 Hours
Revised: February 2, 2026
Accepted: February 12, 2026
Published online: June 5, 2026
Processing time: 137 Days and 1.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Surgical intervention remains an essential component of inflammatory bowel disease management despite advances in medical therapy. This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence on surgical indications, techniques, perioperative optimization, and postoperative outcomes in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Emphasis is placed on bowel-sparing strategies, minimally invasive approaches, and quality-of-life outcomes, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary, patient-centered decision-making.