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Aug 15, 2016 (publication date) through Oct 27, 2025
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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology
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2150-5330
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. Aug 15, 2016; 7(3): 242-255
Published online Aug 15, 2016. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v7.i3.242
Table 1 Immune cells involved in tumor response
Cell typeMechanism
Pro-tumorAnti-tumor
CD8+ T cellsExhaustion of CD8+ T cellsIncreased CD8+ T cells
Upregulation of PD-1
CD4+ T cellsTH2 responseTH1 response
TH17 cellsIL-17 production via STAT-3
Treg cellsIncreased Treg
Impaired CD8+ T cells via CTLA-4
TAMM2 (Th2 response)M1 (Th1 response)
Increased galectin-9 via TIM-3
Expression of B7-H1
Induction of TH17
TANN2 phenotypeN1 phenotype
Angiogenesis via Treg
MDSCInduction of Treg and TAM
Suppress CD4+ T cells
Suppress NK activity
NK cellsIncreased CD56dimCD16posIncreased CD56brightCD16neg
Increased Treg
PD-1: Programmed death 1; IL: Interleukine; STAT-3: Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3; TAM: Tumor associated macrophages; MDSC: Myeloid derived suppressor cells; TAN: Tumor associated neutrophils; NK: Natural killer; Treg: Regulatory T cells.
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