Khalaf A, Hoad CL, Spiller RC, Gowland PA, Moran GW, Marciani L. Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of gastrointestinal motor function and fluid distribution. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2015; 6(4): 140-149 [PMID: 26600972 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v6.i4.140]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Dr. Luca Marciani, PhD, Associate Professor, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, University Park street, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom. luca.marciani@nottingham.ac.uk
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. Nov 15, 2015; 6(4): 140-149 Published online Nov 15, 2015. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v6.i4.140
Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of gastrointestinal motor function and fluid distribution
Asseel Khalaf, Caroline L Hoad, Robin C Spiller, Penny A Gowland, Gordon W Moran, Luca Marciani
Asseel Khalaf, Robin C Spiller, Gordon W Moran, Luca Marciani, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
Caroline L Hoad, Penny A Gowland, Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
Author contributions: Khalaf A and Marciani L collected the data and all authors revised the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they do not have any conflict of interest for this review article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Dr. Luca Marciani, PhD, Associate Professor, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, University Park street, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom. luca.marciani@nottingham.ac.uk
Telephone: +44-115-8231248 Fax: +44-115-8231409
Received: June 26, 2015 Peer-review started: June 27, 2015 First decision: September 17, 2015 Revised: September 28, 2015 Accepted: October 20, 2015 Article in press: October 27, 2015 Published online: November 15, 2015 Processing time: 143 Days and 16.6 Hours
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a well established technique that has revolutionized diagnostic radiology. Until recently, the impact that MRI has had in the assessment of gastrointestinal motor function and bowel fluid distribution in health and in disease has been more limited, despite the novel insights that MRI can provide along the entire gastrointestinal tract. MRI biomarkers include intestinal motility indices, small bowel water content and whole gut transit time. The present review discusses new developments and applications of MRI in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the small bowel and the colon reported in the literature in the last 5 years.
Core tip: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of gastrointestinal motor function and fluids distribution is coming of age, with a range of MRI biomarkers that can be measured non-invasively. The novel MRI biomarkers include intestinal motility indexes, the small bowel water content and whole gut transit time. Future research directions will focus on small and large bowel motility and on gut transit. Further validation of the methods and automation of data analysis will finally translate the MRI biomarkers into clinical routine.
