Predictive model for vedolizumab efficacy in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis based on computed tomography-derived body compositions and nutritional inflammatory markers

doi:10.4329/wjr.v18.i3.117599

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World Journal of Radiology

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World J Radiol. Mar 28, 2026; 18(3): 117599
Published online Mar 28, 2026. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v18.i3.117599

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the study patients, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variables	Total (n = 134)	Test (n = 40)	Train (n = 94)	Statistic	P value
Age	47.84 ± 15.23	45.80 ± 15.94	48.74 ± 14.90	t = -1.03	0.305
BMI	22.15 ± 3.17	21.88 ± 3.19	22.27 ± 3.17	t = -0.66	0.513
SM	119.99 ± 29.89	121.90 ± 30.13	119.14 ± 29.91	t = 0.49	0.624
IMAT	14.45 ± 8.80	14.95 ± 9.70	14.22 ± 8.43	t = 0.44	0.660
SAT	87.21 ± 67.46	88.23 ± 76.85	86.75 ± 63.33	t = 0.12	0.907
VAT	119.90 ± 63.61	121.16 ± 72.38	119.35 ± 59.75	t = 0.15	0.879
Modified Mayo Score	10.13 ± 1.90	9.90 ± 2.08	10.23 ± 1.82	t = -0.91	0.366
HB	115.34 ± 24.48	116.49 ± 19.98	114.83 ± 26.30	t = 0.36	0.719
WBC	7.75 ± 3.50	7.91 ± 3.41	7.69 ± 3.55	t = 0.34	0.736
P	304.04 ± 110.04	301.05 ± 102.56	305.35 ± 113.69	t = -0.21	0.836
ESR	20.62 ± 17.86	15.52 ± 11.81	22.87 ± 19.59	t = -2.23	0.027
CRP	14.76 ± 26.25	8.40 ± 14.15	17.56 ± 29.72	t = -1.88	0.062
ALB	36.75 ± 5.82	38.14 ± 4.94	36.13 ± 6.09	t = 1.85	0.066
N	5.28 ± 2.93	5.41 ± 3.09	5.21 ± 2.87	t = 0.36	0.716
L	1.76 ± 0.85	1.82 ± 0.71	1.73 ± 0.91	t = 0.53	0.598
M	0.50 ± 0.27	0.49 ± 0.21	0.51 ± 0.29	t = -0.46	0.643
Mayo Score	2.84 ± 0.37	2.78 ± 0.42	2.86 ± 0.35	t = -1.15	0.254
Smoking history				χ² = 8.96	0.011
0	108 (80.60)	26 (65.00)	82 (87.20)
1	26 (19.40)	14 (35.00)	12 (12.80)
UC Montreal classification				-	0.657
1	3 (2.24)	1 (2.50)	2 (2.13)
2	29 (21.64)	12 (30.00)	17 (18.08)
3	102 (76.12)	27 (67.50)	75 (79.79)
Clinical response				χ² = 1.87	0.392
0	55 (41.04)	20 (50.00)	35 (37.23)
1	79 (58.96)	20 (50.00)	59 (62.77)
TSpot				χ² = 3.88	0.144
0	120 (89.55)	39 (97.50)	81 (86.17)
1	14 (10.45)	1 (2.50)	13 (13.83)

BMI: Body mass index; SM: Skeletal muscle; IMAT: Intramuscular adipose tissue; SAT: Subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT: Visceral adipose tissue; HB: Hemoglobin; WBC: White blood cell; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; ALB: Albumin; N: Neutrophil; L: Lymphocyte; M: Monocyte; UC: Ulcerative colitis; TSpot: T-Spot.TB.

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Table 2 Results of univariate logistic regression analysis

Variables	β	SE	Z	P value	OR (95%CI)
SM	0.00	0.01	0.43	0.665	1.00 (0.99-1.02)
IMAT	0.02	0.03	0.63	0.532	1.02 (0.96-1.07)
SAT	-0.00	0.00	-0.96	0.338	1.00 (0.99-1.00)
VAT	0.00	0.00	0.65	0.519	1.00 (1.00-1.01)
HB	0.01	0.01	1.01	0.312	1.01 (0.99-1.02)
WBC	-0.01	0.06	-0.11	0.911	0.99 (0.88-1.12)
P	-0.00	0.00	-1.10	0.273	1.00 (0.99-1.00)
ESR	-0.01	0.01	-0.89	0.375	0.99 (0.97-1.01)
CRP	0.02	0.01	1.74	0.081	1.02 (1.00-1.04)
ALB	0.04	0.04	1.13	0.259	1.04 (0.97-1.12)
N	0.06	0.08	0.76	0.450	1.06 (0.91-1.24)
L	-0.86	0.41	-2.10	0.036	0.42 (0.19-0.94)
M	-0.53	0.73	-0.73	0.468	0.59 (0.14-2.47)
Smoking history
0	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
1	-0.58	0.62	-0.94	0.348	0.56 (0.16-1.89)
UC Montreal classification
E1	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
E2	-15.45	1029.12	-0.02	0.988	0.00 (0.00-Inf)
E3	-15.01	1029.12	-0.01	0.988	0.00 (0.00-Inf)
Mayo score	-0.80	0.70	-1.15	0.252	0.45 (0.11-1.76)
TSpot
0	-	-	-	-	1.00 (reference)
1	-0.41	0.60	-0.68	0.496	0.66 (0.20-2.16)
Age	-0.00	0.01	-0.25	0.806	1.00 (0.97-1.03)
BMI	0.03	0.07	0.39	0.695	1.03 (0.90-1.18)
Modified Mayo Score	-0.19	0.13	-1.41	0.159	0.83 (0.64-1.08)

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; SM: Skeletal muscle; IMAT: Intramuscular adipose tissue; SAT: Subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT: Visceral adipose tissue; HB: Hemoglobin; WBC: White blood cell; P: Platelet; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; ALB: Albumin; N: Neutrophil; L: Lymphocyte; M: Monocyte; UC: Ulcerative colitis; BMI: Body mass index; TSpot: T-Spot.TB.

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Table 3 Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis

Variables	β	SE	Z	P value	OR (95%CI)
Intercept	0.79	2.11	0.38	0.707	2.21 (0.04-137.25)
IMAT	0.06	0.05	1.41	0.159	1.07 (0.98-1.17)
SAT	-0.01	0.00	-1.69	0.090	0.99 (0.98-1.00)
HB	0.02	0.01	2.13	0.033	1.02 (1.01-1.04)
CRP	0.03	0.01	2.07	0.039	1.03 (1.01-1.06)
L	-0.78	0.47	-1.67	0.096	0.46 (0.18-1.15)
Modified Mayo Score	-0.19	0.14	-1.40	0.163	0.82 (0.63-1.08)

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; IMAT: Intramuscular adipose tissue; SAT: Subcutaneous adipose tissue; HB: Hemoglobin; CRP: C-reactive protein; L: Lymphocyte.

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Table 4 Model efficacy in predicting clinical response to vedolizumab

Model	AUC	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV
Training cohort
Combined model	0.757 (0.65-0.863)	72.4% (42/58)	74.3% (26/35)	82.4% (42/51)	61.9% (26/42)
Radiomics model	0.646 (0.522-0.769)	67.2% (39/58)	62.9% (22/35)	75.0% (39/52)	53.7% (22/41)
Clinical model	0.731 (0.626-0.835)	55.2% (32/58)	82.9% (29/35)	84.2% (32/38)	52.7% (29/55)
Validation cohort
Combined model	0.721 (0.56-0.883)	76.2% (16/21)	70.0% (14/20)	72.7% (16/22)	73.7% (14/19)
Radiomics model	0.819 (0.687-0.951)	81.0% (17/21)	75.0% (15/20)	77.3% (17/22)	78.9% (15/19)
Clinical model	0.79 (0.654-0.927)	52.4% (11/21)	90.0% (18/20)	84.6% (11/13)	64.3% (18/28)

AUC: Area under the curve; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.

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Citation: Zhang XY, Li YK, Tian ZB, Guo QY, Liu JN, Liu RQ, Ren KY. Predictive model for vedolizumab efficacy in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis based on computed tomography-derived body compositions and nutritional inflammatory markers. World J Radiol 2026; 18(3): 117599
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8470/full/v18/i3/117599.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v18.i3.117599