Review
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World J Radiol. Feb 28, 2014; 6(2): 18-25
Published online Feb 28, 2014. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v6.i2.18
Treatment of metastatic liver tumors using stereotactic ablative radiotherapy
Vimoj J Nair, Jason R Pantarotto
Vimoj J Nair, Jason R Pantarotto, Division of Radiation Oncology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8L6, Ontario, Canada
Author contributions: Nair VJ and Pantarotto JR contributed equally to this work.
Supported by The Ottawa Hospital Foundation; the Ethel Ward Cushing Legacy Endowment Fund for a stereotactic ablative radiotherapy fellowship
Correspondence to: Jason R Pantarotto, MD, FRCPC, Chair, Division of Radiation Oncology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa K1H 8L6, Ontario, Canada. jpantarotto@toh.on.ca
Telephone: +1-613-7377700 Fax: +1-613-2473511
Received: August 26, 2013
Revised: December 16, 2013
Accepted: January 6, 2014
Published online: February 28, 2014
Processing time: 184 Days and 9.2 Hours
Abstract

The prognosis of patients with metastatic liver disease remains dismal with a median survival of only 6-12 mo. As 80%-90% of patients are not candidates for surgical therapy, there is a need for effective non-surgical therapies that would improve outcomes in these patients. The body of evidence related to the use of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in metastatic liver disease has substantially grown and evolved over the past decade. This review summarizes the current evidence supporting liver SABR with particular attention given to patient selection, target delineation, organ at risk dose volume constraints, response evaluation imaging and the various SABR techniques for delivering ablative radiotherapy to the liver. Even though it is unclear what dose-fractionation scheme, delivery system, concomitant therapy or patient selection strategy yields the optimum liver SABR outcomes, clear and growing evidence is available that SABR is a safe and effective therapy for the treatment of oligometastatic liver disease.

Keywords: Liver; Metastasis; Stereotactic; Radiotherapy; Ablative

Core tip: The body of evidence related to the use of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in metastatic liver disease has substantially grown and evolved over the past decade. This review summarizes the current evidence supporting liver SABR with particular attention given to patient selection, target delineation, organ at risk dose volume constraints, response evaluation imaging and the various SABR techniques for delivering ablative radiotherapy to the liver.