Emerging risk factors for heart failure in younger populations: A growing public health concern

doi:10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.104717

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Apr 26, 2025 (publication date) through Apr 21, 2025

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World Journal of Cardiology

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1949-8462

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Cardiol. Apr 26, 2025; 17(4): 104717
Published online Apr 26, 2025. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.104717

Emerging risk factors for heart failure in younger populations: A growing public health concern

Razieh Parizad, Akash Batta, Juniali Hatwal, Mohammadreza Taban-sadeghi, Bishav Mohan

Razieh Parizad, Mohammadreza Taban-sadeghi, Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-87386, Iran

Akash Batta, Bishav Mohan, Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India

Juniali Hatwal, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160012, India

Author contributions: Parizad R and Batta A designed the review; Parizad R performed the literature review and data collection; Hatwal J, Mohan B and Sadeghi MT supervised the manuscript and provided key feedback and suggestions; Parizad R and Batta A analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript and subsequently revised it. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Akash Batta, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Tagore Nagar, Civil Lines, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India. akashbatta02@gmail.com

Received: December 29, 2024
Revised: March 7, 2025
Accepted: April 1, 2025
Published online: April 26, 2025
Processing time: 112 Days and 19.7 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Recent research hints at an alarming rise in heart failure cases among younger populations. The same is believed to stem from a complex interaction between various risk factors, including metabolic syndrome, environmental pollutants, unfavorable genetics, and lifestyle behaviors including substance abuse. This review examines these evolving determinants, discussing each in detail and exploring the key therapeutic strategies to disrupt this rapidly rising public health problem.