Published online Aug 26, 2020. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i8.427
Peer-review started: March 24, 2020
First decision: April 26, 2020
Revised: June 8, 2020
Accepted: July 19, 2020
Article in press: July 19, 2020
Published online: August 26, 2020
Processing time: 146 Days and 8.4 Hours
Anatomic repair for congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (cc-TGA) is accomplished by either a double switch operation or one of many modifications of an atrial switch operation combined with a Rastelli operation. However, these operations are complex and a simpler physiologic repair strategy of correcting only associated defects like tricuspid valve regurgitation or ventricular septal defects is also adopted in many patients. Anatomic repair strategy has the benefit of restoring the left ventricle to the systemic circulation, thus decreasing the chances of development of congestive heart failure from a systemic right ventricle.
There are variations in practice regarding anatomic versus physiologic repair for cc-TGA. Long term data from a large set of patients regarding safety and outcomes of anatomic repair are lacking.
The objective of this study was to pool high quality observational studies reporting outcomes after anatomic repair in cc-TGA patients and perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide more comprehensive outcomes.
A search of MEDLINE and Scopus was conducted using pre-defined search criteria to identify manuscripts reporting outcomes after anatomic repair. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed and information regarding variables of interest were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed according to standard methods using Comprehensive meta-analysis software (version 3).
Eight hundred and ninety-five patients who were treated with an anatomic repair strategy were pooled from 21 studies with a total follow-up of 5457.2 patient-years (PY). Estimated operative mortality was 8.3%. Survivors had a transplant free survival of 92.5% (CI: 89.5%-95.4%) per 100 PY. 84.7% patients experienced a New York Heart Association functional class I or II after 100 PY follow up. There were 5.3 re-operations/re-interventions per 100 PY (CI: 3.8-6.8).
Our study reports a high operative mortality rate for anatomic repair strategy in cc-TGA patients. However, the long-term survival is excellent for survivors.
Our study suggests that the anatomic repair is worth pursuing in most patients with cc-TGA because of favorable long-term outcomes despite a high operative mortality risk. Re-intervention/reoperation risk remains – however with the advent of transcatheter therapies, most of these issues can be managed without a re-operation in the modern era.