Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Cardiol. Dec 26, 2024; 16(12): 731-739
Published online Dec 26, 2024. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i12.731
Trends in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health scores in the Kailuan population from 2006 to 2011
Yao Yu, Zhao-Xu Zhang, Su-Feng Yin, Shou-Ling Wu, Zun-Jing Liu
Yao Yu, Zhao-Xu Zhang, Zun-Jing Liu, Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
Su-Feng Yin, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
Shou-Ling Wu, Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
Co-corresponding authors: Shou-Ling Wu and Zun-Jing Liu.
Author contributions: Yu Y, Liu ZJ, and Wu SL designed the research study; Yu Y, Zhang ZX, Liu ZJ, and Wu SL performed the research; Yin SF was responsible for statistical analysis; Yu Y was responsible for drafting of the manuscript; Wu SL and Liu ZJ contributed equally to this work as co-corresponding authors; and all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported by the Peking University People’s Hospital Talent Introduction Scientific Research Launch Fund, No. 2022-T-02.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of Kailuan Hospital (Approval No. 2006-05).
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
Data sharing statement: Data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and approval.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zun-Jing Liu, Chief Physician, Professor, Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Road, Beijing 100044, China. 13552522292@163.com
Received: May 17, 2024
Revised: October 30, 2024
Accepted: November 5, 2024
Published online: December 26, 2024
Processing time: 193 Days and 6.1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

The American Heart Association defines cardiovascular health in terms of four behaviors (smoking, diet, physical activity, and body weight) and three factors (plasma glucose, cholesterol, and blood pressure). By this definition, the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors (ICHBF) is negatively correlated with all-cause mortality and risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignancy.

AIM

To investigate the changing trends of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health scores in the Kailuan study population from 2006 to 2011.

METHODS

The Kailuan population data from three health checkups held in 2006-2007, 2008-2009, and 2010-2011 were analyzed, and the constituent ratios of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health behaviors and factors at ideal, intermediate, and poor levels were calculated by using Huffman and Capewell method. Simultaneously, the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health behavior and factor scores were calculated.

RESULTS

From 2006 to 2007, the proportion of people with ideal physical exercise, low salt diet, ideal body mass index, ideal total cholesterol level, no smoking, ideal blood sugar, and ideal blood pressure was 13.12%, 9.34%, 49.17%, 64.20%, 49.27%, 69.99%, and 20.55%, respectively, in men with a health score of 8.46, and 12.00%, 9.13%, 61.60%, 64.28%, 98.19%, 78.90% and 36.92% in women, with a score of 10.02. From 2008 to 2009, the proportion was 16.09%, 14.04%, 51.94%, 65.02%, 40.18%, 66.44%, and 17.04% in men, with a score of 8.18, and 16.860%, 17.360%, 64.010%, 67.433%, 98.220%, 76.370%, and 42.340% in women, with a score of 10.12. From 2010 to 2011, the proportion was 12.22%, 17.65%, 49.40%, 68.33%, 48.17%, 64.67%, and 14.68% in males, having a score of 8.21, while in females, the proportion was 11.83%, 18.09%, 49.40%, 67.85%, 98.82%, 74.52%, and 37.78%, with a score of 9.90.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health behaviors and factors is low in the Kailuan study population due to inadequate scores of relevant health metrics.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Cerebrovascular diseases; Health behaviors and factors; Kailuan study; Retrospective study

Core Tip: The American Heart Association defines ideal cardiovascular health as the concurrent presence of ideal health parameters (blood glucose, total cholesterol, and blood pressure levels) and ideal health behaviors (weight status, diet, physical activity, and smoking). Our study design was retrospective and based on the Kailuan study. This prospective study was initiated in July 2006 to evaluate the risk factors and interventions for cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases in the Kailuan community population, with several articles having been published on such chronic non-communicable diseases. A fixed population was constituted from these 57659 participants, and their cerebrovascular and cardiovascular health parameters and behaviors were surveyed from 2006 to 2011. Furthermore, the distributions of cardiovascular health parameters and behaviors were portrayed, and their health scores were estimated.