Published online Nov 26, 2023. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v15.i11.571
Peer-review started: August 14, 2023
First decision: September 19, 2023
Revised: October 21, 2023
Accepted: November 13, 2023
Article in press: November 13, 2023
Published online: November 26, 2023
Processing time: 100 Days and 23.8 Hours
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies characterized by an abnormal proliferation of cells of the myeloid lineage. Affected individuals are at increased risk for cardiovascular and thrombotic events. Myocardial infarction (MI) may be one of the earliest clinical manifestations of MPNs or may be a thrombotic complication that develops during the natural course of the disease. In the present review, we examine the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management of MI in MPNs based on the available literature. Moreover, we review potential biomarkers that could mediate the MI-MPNs crosstalk, from classical biochemical tests, e.g., lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and troponins, to pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and clonal hematopoiesis.
Core Tip: Patients diagnosed with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are at risk of developing thrombotic complications, among which acute coronary syndromes are of relevance. Myocardial infarction (MI) can emerge as the initial event in the diagnosis of MPNs or occurs during the evolution of the disease. Here, we examine the interplay between MI and MPN, with a focus on the epidemiology, presentation, risk factors, diagnosis, and management of MI in MPNs, as well as discuss potential biomarkers of MI in MPNs, as well as the role of inflammation and clonal hematopoiesis.