Study of Tinospora cordifolia stem and Senna siamea leaf and pods: An in vitro therapeutic approach for leukemia

Table 1 Total flavonoid content in the Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract, Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract and Senna siamea pods aqueous extract

Samples	Round 1 (g/100 mL)	Round 2 (g/100 mL)
TCAE	2.68	2.3
SLAE	3.76	3.71
SPAE	3.62	3.21

In the following table, the total flavonoid concentration of Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract, Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract and Senna siamea pods aqueous extract and control cells are estimated and higher total flavonoid content is present in SLAE with 3.76 g/100 mL. TCAE: Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract; SLAE: Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract; SPAE: Senna siamea pods aqueous extract.

Table 2 Total phenolic content in Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract, Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract and Senna siamea pods aqueous extract

Samples	Round 1 (g/100 mL)	Round 2 (g/100 mL)
TCAE	2.06	2
SLAE	1.96	1.87
SPAE	1.39	1.1

In the following table, the total flavonoid concentration of Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract, Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract and Senna siamea pods aqueous extract and control cells are estimated and higher total phenolic content is present in Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract with 2.06 g/100 mL. TCAE: Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract; SLAE: Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract; SPAE: Senna siamea pods aqueous extract.

Table 3 Total tannin content in Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract, Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract and Senna siamea pods aqueous extract

Samples	Round 1 (g/100 mL)	Round 2 (g/100 mL)
TCAE	0.95	0.89
SLAE	4.01	3.93
SPAE	2.40	2.39

In the following table, the total flavonoid concentration of Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract, Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract and Senna siamea pods aqueous extract and control cells are estimated and higher total tannins content is present in Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract with 4.01 g/100 mL. TCAE: Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract; SLAE: Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract; SPAE: Senna siamea pods aqueous extract.

Table 4 Specific activity of catalase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods

Samples	Protein concentration (mg)	Enzyme activity of catalase (μmol/minute)	Specific activity (µmol/minute/mg)
Tinospora cordifolia stem	1.70	161.42	94.95
Senna siamea leaf	1.40	30.41	21.72
Senna siamea pods	0.50	11.69	23.38

In the following table, the specific activity and enzymatic activity of catalase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods are estimated and are found to be high in Tinospora cordifolia stem.

Table 5 Specific activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods

Samples	Protein concentration (mg)	Enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (μmol/minute)	Specific activity (µmol/minute/mg)
Tinospora cordifolia stem	1.70	51.39	30.22
Senna siamea leaf	1.40	84.65	60.46
Senna siamea pods	0.50	15.11	30.23

In the following table, the specific activity and enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods are estimated and are found to be high in Senna siamea leaf.

Table 6 Specific activity of peroxidase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods

Samples	Protein concentration (mg)	Enzyme activity of peroxidase (μmol/minute)	Specific activity (µmol/minute/mg)
Tinospora cordifolia stem	1.70	1275	750
Senna siamea leaf	1.40	119.70	85.50
Senna siamea pods	0.50	17.76	35.52

In the following table, the specific activity and enzymatic activity of peroxidase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods are estimated and are found to be high in Tinospora cordifolia stem.

Table 7 Specific activity of polyphenol oxidase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods

Samples	Protein concentration (mg)	Enzyme activity of polyphenol oxidase (μmol/minute)	Specific activity (µmol/minute/mg)
Tinospora cordifolia stem	1.70	91.07	53.57
Senna siamea leaf	1.40	88.81	63.43
Senna siamea pods	0.50	122.35	244.70

In the following table, the specific activity and enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods are estimated and are found to be high in Tinospora cordifolia stem.

Table 8 Specific activity of ascorbate oxidase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods

Samples	Protein concentration (mg)	Enzyme activity of ascorbate oxidase (μmol/minute)	Specific activity (µmol/minute/mg)
Tinospora cordifolia stem	1.70	5574.82	3279.30
Senna siamea leaf	1.40	3256.13	2325.80
Senna siamea pods	0.50	636.20	1272.40

In the following table, the specific activity and enzymatic activity of ascorbate oxidase enzyme in Tinospora cordifolia stem, Senna siamea leaf and Senna siamea pods are estimated and are found to be high in Tinospora cordifolia stem.

Table 9 Cell cycle analysis with the treatment with Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract, Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract and Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract

Sample name	% of the cells in different phases of cell cycle
	G1	G0/G1	S	G2/M
Control	1.36	45.20	31.70	21.60
	1.48	46.90	31.20	20.20
TCAE	2.12	56.00	29.10	12.40
	2.35	56.40	28.90	11.90
SLAE	1.54	47.10	28.80	22.40
	1.66	47.40	29.30	21.50
SPAE	1.58	51.00	31.60	15.30
	2.11	52.50	30.40	14.60

In the following, the data of the cell cycle analysis upon treatment with Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract, Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract and Senna siamea pods aqueous extract and control cells are presented with the percentage of cells in the G1, G0/G1, S and G2/GM phase are presented in the two rounds of treatment in comparison to the control. TCAE: Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract; SLAE: Senna siamea leaf aqueous extract; SPAE: Senna siamea pods aqueous extract.