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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Biol Chem. Jun 5, 2025; 16(2): 107195
Published online Jun 5, 2025. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i2.107195
Published online Jun 5, 2025. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i2.107195
Table 1 Mechanisms and factors by which platelet-rich fibrin facilitates wound healing
Mechanism/factor | Details | Role in wound healing | Signaling molecules/cytokines/chemokines |
Fibrin matrix formation | PRF forms a dense fibrin matrix | Provides a structural scaffold for cell migration and proliferation. Traps and concentrates GFs and signaling molecules at the wound site | |
Sustained release of GFs | PRF allows for the gradual and sustained release of GFs | Prolonged stimulation of tissue repair mechanisms. Supports cellular proliferation, differentiation, and migration | PDGF, TGF-β, VEGF |
Modulation of inflammation | PRF helps regulate the inflammatory response | Prevents excessive or prolonged inflammation, promoting a balanced healing environment | May involve modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1) and anti-inflammatory mediators |
Enhanced cell migration and proliferation | GFs released from PRF stimulate cell migration and proliferation | Accelerates tissue regeneration and wound closure | PDGF, TGF-β, and other GFs stimulate cellular signaling pathways involved in cell migration (e.g., Rho GTPases) and proliferation (mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase) |
Promotion of collagenization | PRF supports collagen deposition and organization | Contributes to the structural remodeling of the wound matrix and enhances long-term tissue strength | TGF-β plays a key role in stimulating collagen synthesis by fibroblasts |
Angiogenesis | PRF promotes the formation of new blood vessels | Improves blood supply to the wound, delivering oxygen and nutrients necessary for healing | VEGF stimulates signaling pathways involved in endothelial cell proliferation and migration (such as VEGF-R signaling) |
Matrix remodeling | PRF influences the remodeling of the extracellular matrix | Contributes to the restoration of functional tissue and minimizes scar formation | Involves matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors |
- Citation: Mohammadi S. Innate immunity and wound repair: The platelet-rich fibrin advantage. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16(2): 107195
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8454/full/v16/i2/107195.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4331/wjbc.v16.i2.107195