Application of T-tube stent external drainage for the prevention of postoperative biliary stricture during choledochojejunostomy

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v18.i3.115888

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Mar 27, 2026 (publication date) through Mar 30, 2026

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Mar 27, 2026; 18(3): 115888
Published online Mar 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i3.115888

Table 1 Comparison of preoperative baseline data between two groups, n (%)/mean ± SD

	T-tube group (n = 32)	Non-T-tube group (n = 36)	t/χ²	P value
Age (years)	65.07 ± 9.89	63.90 ± 7.64	0.517	> 0.05
Sex
Male	13 (40.63)	16 (44.44)	-0.101	> 0.05
Female	19 (59.38)	20 (55.56)	-0.101	> 0.05
Body mass index (kg/m²)	22.63 ± 2.29	22.52 ± 2.70	0.173	> 0.05
Hypertension	12 (37.50)	14 (38.89)	0.014	> 0.05
Diabetes	8 (25.00)	6 (16.67)	0.720	> 0.05
Tumor
Benign	13 (40.63)	17 (47.22)	0.299	> 0.05
Malignancy	19 (59.37)	19 (52.78)	0.299	> 0.05
Bilirubin (μmol/L)	63.27 ± 81.37	38.72 ± 41.65	1.839	> 0.05
Biliary diameter(mm)	5.63 ± 2.05	5.91 ± 1.21	-0.675	> 0.05

Full Size Table

Table 2 Postoperative complications and hospital stay, n (%)/mean ± SD

	T-tube group (n = 32)	Non-T-tube group (n = 36)	F/χ²	Odds ratio (95%CI)	P value
Biliary stricture	0 (0.00)	8 (22.22)	-	19.386 (1.071-350.979)	< 0.05
Biliary leakage	0 (0.00)	9 (25.00)	-	22.455 (1.249-403.547)	< 0.05
Biliary bleeding	1 (3.12)	5 (13.89)	1.285		> 0.05
Abdominal infection	2 (6.25)	3 (8.33)	0.019		> 0.05
Pulmonary infection	3 (9.38)	8 (22.22)	1.223		> 0.05
Days (days)	21.97 ± 5.12	25.47 ± 5.93	-2.714		< 0.05

Full Size Table

Table 3 Intraoperative parameters, n (%)/mean ± SD

	T-tube group (n = 32)	Non-T-tube group (n = 36)	t/χ²	P value
American Society of Anesthesiologists class
II	22 (68.8)	25 (69.4)	0.004	> 0.05
III	10 (31.2)	11(30.6)	0.004	> 0.05
Time (minutes)	189.94 ± 48.67	197.44 ± 20.72	-0.749	> 0.05
Blood loss (mL)	157.81 ± 58.35	165.00 ± 51.49	-0.496	> 0.05

Full Size Table

Table 4 Postoperative serum total bilirubin levels, mean ± SD

	T-tube group (n = 32)	Non-T-tube group (n = 36)	*t/χ²*	P value
1^st day after operation	56.65 ± 166.78	36.47 ± 35.54	1.677	> 0.05
5^th day after operation	44.90 ± 52.94	25.95 ± 22.82	2.179	> 0.05
10^th day after operation	27.38 ± 30.47	19.61 ± 14.22	1.550	> 0.05

Full Size Table

Citation: Liu N, Zhang M, Guo Y, Bian J, Meng XK, Li J. Application of T-tube stent external drainage for the prevention of postoperative biliary stricture during choledochojejunostomy. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(3): 115888
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i3/115888.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i3.115888