Predictors of mortality and liver transplant requirement in patients with hepatitis A virus: A case series from Mexico

Table 1 General characteristics of the population, n (%)/mean ± SD

Characteristics	General (n = 69)	ALF (n = 5)	OLT and/or death (n = 3)
Male sex	45 (65.2)	4 (80)	2 (66.6)
Age (years)	38.2 ± 11.3	55 ± 5.72	58.3 ± 3.5
Heart rate (bpm)	88.4 ± 15.6	93 ± 22.5	112 ± 22.4
Platelets (× 103/μL)	117 ± 77	161 ± 78.3	161 ± 82.9
NLR (× 103/μL)	2.82 ± 4.54	7.22 ± 2.99	7.22 ± 2.87
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.9 ± 1.15	1.14 ± 0.58	1.3 ± 0.73
INR	1.23 ± 0.84	2.04 ± 0.9	4.1 ± 2.21
Albumin (g/dL)	3.3 ± 0.53	2.5 ± 0.47	2.5 ± 0.29
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	5.12 ± 5.62	18.9 ± 7.59	20.7 ± 10.7
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)	3.36 ± 4.08	10.9 ± 8.08	12.8 ± 11.1
ALT (U/L)	2241 ± 1958	5134 ± 2757	5134 ± 3383
AST (U/L)	1679 ± 2295	3413 ± 2300	4063 ± 2531
GGT (U/L)	256 ± 204	214 ± 163	214 ± 202
ALP (U/L)	160 ± 102	129 ± 42.1	162 ± 34
LDH (U/L)	649 ± 1579	1075 ± 1578	1075 ± 2008

ALF: Acute liver failure; OLT: Orthotopic liver transplantation; bpm: Beats per minute; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase.

Table 2 Subgroup analysis according to the need for orthotopic liver transplantation and/or death

Characteristics	Patients with LT and/or death, n = 3	Patients without LT and/or death, n = 66	P value
Age (years)	58.3	37.2	0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	23.6	26.5	0.34
Heart rate (bpm)	112	87.3	0.007
Respiratory rate (rpm)	23.7	18.7	0.001
Leukocytes (× 103/μL)	8.83	6.05	0.12
NLR (× 103/μL)	6.88	3.54	0.21
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.3	0.88	0.486
Sodium (mEq/L)	130	135	0.015
Prothrombin time	40	14.1	< 0.001
INR	4.05	1.35	< 0.001
Albumin (g/dL)	2.5	3.3	0.009
ALBI score	−0.44	-1.57	0.006
MELD score	42	16	< 0.001
MELD-Na score	41	18	< 0.001
MELD 3.0 score	43	18	< 0.001

LT: Liver transplantation; BMI: Body mass index; bpm: Beats per minute; rpm: Respirations per minute; INR: International normalized ratio; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin score; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; MELD-Na: Model for end-stage liver disease with sodium; MELD 3.0: Model for end-stage liver disease version 3.

Table 3 Subgroup analysis according to the development of acute liver failure

Characteristics	Patients with ALF (n = 5)	Patients without ALF (n = 61)	P value
Age (years)	54.8	36.9	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	26.2	26.4	0.92
Heart rate (bpm)	101	87.4	0.06
Respiratory rate (rpm)	20.6	28.8	0.15
Leukocytes (× 103/μL)	8.78	5.96	0.04
NLR (× 103/μL)	6.52	3.45	0.14
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.35	1.07	0.59
Sodium (mEq/L)	132	135	0.08
Prothrombin time	31	14	< 0.001
INR	3.12	1.33	< 0.001
Albumin (g/dL)	2.54	3.33	< 0.001
ALBI score	-0.55	-1.58	< 0.001
MELD score	30.2	15.7	< 0.001
MELD-Na score	32.2	17.1	< 0.001
MELD 3.0 score	33	18.2	< 0.001

ALF: Acute liver failure; BMI: Body mass index; bpm: Beats per minute; rpm: Respirations per minute; INR: International normalized ratio; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin score; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; MELD-Na: Model for end-stage liver disease with sodium; MELD 3.0: Model for end-stage liver disease version 3.