Endoscopic submucosal dissection for esophageal precancerous lesions and early esophageal carcinoma: Analysis of efficacy and serum tumor markers

Table 1 Comparative analysis of baseline data

Indicators	Control group (n = 60)	Research group (n = 60)	t value	P value
Gender, n (%)			0.352	0.553
Male	43 (71.67)	40 (66.67)
Female	17 (28.33)	20 (33.33)
Age (years)	70.20 ± 6.09	68.20 ± 7.00	1.670	0.098
Disease course (years)	2.70 ± 0.67	2.58 ± 0.67	0.981	0.329
Lesion site, n (%)			0.357	0.836
Upper esophageal segment	20 (33.33)	23 (38.33)
Middle esophageal segment	23 (38.33)	22 (36.67)
Lower esophageal segment	17 (28.33)	15 (25.00)
Family medical history, n (%)			0.745	0.388
Without	48 (80.00)	44 (73.33)
With	12 (20.00)	16 (26.67)

Table 2 Comparative analysis of therapeutic efficacy

Indicators	Control group (n = 60)	Research group (n = 60)	t value	P value
Dissection area (cm2)	6.76 ± 5.95	10.17 ± 4.64	3.501	< 0.001
Resection rate per unit time (mm2/min)	3.03 ± 3.20	9.65 ± 6.54	7.043	< 0.001

Table 3 Comparative analysis of complications, n (%)

Indicators	Control group (n = 60)	Research group (n = 60)	χ2 value	P value
Delayed bleeding	3 (5.00)	2 (3.33)	0.209	0.648
Wound infection	9 (15.00)	0 (0.00)	9.730	0.002
Esophageal reflux	19 (31.67)	4 (6.67)	12.102	< 0.001
Postoperative esophageal stenosis	9 (15.00)	4 (6.67)	2.157	0.142
Total	40 (66.67)	10 (16.67)	30.857	< 0.001

Table 4 Comparative analysis of surgery-related indexes

Indicators	Control group (n = 60)	Research group (n = 60)	t value	P value
Bleeding volume (mL)	151.83 ± 126.35	31.75 ± 23.68	7.236	< 0.001
Operation duration (hours)	4.05 ± 1.14	2.15 ± 1.02	9.621	< 0.001
Hospital length of stay (days)	21.70 ± 6.52	9.63 ± 2.31	13.516	< 0.001

Table 5 Comparative analysis of serum tumor markers

Indicators	Control group (n = 60)	Research group (n = 60)	t value	P value
CEA (ng/mL)
Before surgery	12.65 ± 3.33	12.86 ± 3.66	0.329	0.743
After surgery	3.19 ± 2.15a	2.35 ± 1.60a	2.428	0.017
CA724 (U/mL)
Before surgery	27.53 ± 5.35	28.27 ± 5.40	0.754	0.452
After surgery	4.06 ± 3.70a	2.77 ± 1.93a	2.394	0.018
TSGF (U/mL)
Before surgery	96.50 ± 20.80	97.37 ± 22.00	0.223	0.824
After surgery	49.83 ± 13.26a	39.22 ± 14.18a	4.233	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs the preoperative level.

CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA724: Carbohydrate antigen 724; TSGF: Tumor-specific growth factor.