Association of serum hepatitis B surface antigen with hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatic function in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of enrolled subjects, mean ± SD/n (%)

General data	Observation group (n = 110)	Control group (n = 70)	χ2/t value	P value
Sex			0.420	0.517
Male	62 (56.36)	36 (51.43)
Female	48 (43.64)	34 (48.57)
Age (years)	45.71 ± 10.90	44.76 ± 9.21	0.605	0.546
Disease duration (years)	4.29 ± 2.11	-	-	-
Body mass index (kg/m2)	22.68 ± 2.19	23.24 ± 2.32	1.634	0.104
Smoking history			1.645	0.200
None	65 (59.09)	48 (68.57)
Yes	45 (40.91)	22 (31.43)
Alcoholism history			3.543	0.060
None	72 (65.45)	55 (78.57)
Yes	38 (34.55)	15 (21.43)
Disease phase			-	-
Immune tolerance phase	22 (20.00)	-
Immune clearance phase	27 (24.55)	-
Low replication phase	38 (34.55)	-
HBeAg-negative hepatitis phase	23 (20.91)	-
HBsAg (lgIU/mL)	3.61 ± 1.17	-	-	-
HBV-DNA (lg copies/mL)	4.66 ± 2.42	-	-	-
ALT (U/L)	65.26 ± 29.00	25.31 ± 7.56	11.274	< 0.001
Platelets (× 109/L)	164.51 ± 50.42	247.43 ± 38.94	11.711	< 0.001

Differences in sex, smoking history, and alcoholism history between groups were evaluated with χ² tests, whereas age, body mass index, alanine aminotransferase, and platelet levels were compared using t-tests. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; HBeAg: Hepatitis B virus e antigen; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus;.

Table 2 Diagnostic performance of hepatitis B surface antigen thresholds for predicting high viral load and significant liver injury

Indicators	Cut-off	AUC	95%CI	Specificity (%)	Sensitivity (%)	P value
High viral load	> 4.09	0.868	0.798-0.937	78.67	88.57	< 0.001
Significant liver injury	> 4.07	0.821	0.724-0.917	90.91	69.70	< 0.001

AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval.