Development and validation of a risk prediction model for small intestinal mucosal injury in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users

Figure 1 Representative image of small intestine lesions. A: Erythema; B: Erosion; C: Ulcer; D: Vascular malformation; E: Diverticulum; F: Lymphangiectasia; G-I: Protrusion. White arrow: The location of the lesions in each panel.

Figure 2 Flowchart of patient enrollment and exclusion criteria in the current study. NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SIMI: Small intestinal mucosal injury.

Figure 3 A nomogram for assessing the risk of small intestinal mucosal injury in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users. BMI: Body mass index; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; TG: Triglyceride LDL: Low density lipoprotein.

Figure 4 Evaluation of the risk prediction model for small intestinal mucosal injury in both the development and validation sets. A: Receiver operating characteristic curve of the development set, with an area under the curve value of 0.775; B: Calibration curve of this nomogram model; C: Decision curve analysis of this nomogram model; D: Receiver operating characteristic curve of the validation set, with an area under the curve value of 0.797. AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval; DCA: Decision curve analysis.