Association of serum hepatitis B surface antigen with hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatic function in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Figure 1 Flowchart of patient selection. HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus.

Figure 2 Serum hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B virus-DNA changes across disease phases in the observation cohort. A: Serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) dynamics across infection phases; B: Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA viral load variations by disease stage. ENH: Hepatitis B virus e antigen-negative hepatitis; IC: Immune clearance; IT: Immune tolerance; LR: Low replication. ^aP < 0.05 vs immune tolerance phase; ^bP < 0.05 vs immune clearance phase; ^cP < 0.05 vs low replication phase.

Figure 3 Hepatic function biomarker profiles. A: Total bilirubin (TBIL) levels; B: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels; C: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations. ^aP < 0.001 vs control group.

Figure 4 Relationship of hepatitis B surface antigen with viral load (hepatitis B virus-DNA) and liver function markers (total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase). A: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA viral load association (r = 0.508, P < 0.001); B: HBsAg-total bilirubin (TBIL) association (r = 0.359, P < 0.001); C: HBsAg-aspartate aminotransferase (AST) correlation (r = 0.352, P < 0.001); D: HBsAg-alanine aminotransferase (ALT) correlation (r = 0.333, P < 0.001). Associations were evaluated via Pearson correlation.

Figure 5 Optimal hepatitis B surface antigen cut-off values for high viral load and severe liver injury prediction. A: Receiver operating characteristic analysis of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for predicting high viral load (hepatitis B virus-DNA ≥ 10⁵ IU/mL); B: Receiver operating characteristic analysis of HBsAg for detecting significant liver injury (alanine aminotransferase ≥ 2 × upper limit of normal).