Wu SX, Abulimiti P, Zhang BL, Abuduwaili A, Wang C, Li JG, Ba Y, Tuniyazi D, Geng C, Xu XJ. Migration and repair of intestinal mucosal cells in pancreas-intestine anastomosis via inflammatory mediators: A beagle study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(4): 117422 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i4.117422]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Xin-Jian Xu, MD, Chief, Professor, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 118 Henan West Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. xxj10101@163.com
Research Domain of This Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Article-Type of This Article
Basic Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Apr 27, 2026 (publication date) through Apr 24, 2026
Times Cited of This Article
Times Cited (0)
Journal Information of This Article
Publication Name
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
ISSN
1948-9366
Publisher of This Article
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
Share the Article
Wu SX, Abulimiti P, Zhang BL, Abuduwaili A, Wang C, Li JG, Ba Y, Tuniyazi D, Geng C, Xu XJ. Migration and repair of intestinal mucosal cells in pancreas-intestine anastomosis via inflammatory mediators: A beagle study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(4): 117422 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i4.117422]
Shi-Xing Wu, Paerhatijiang Abulimiti, Bo-Lin Zhang, Atigu Abuduwaili, Cheng Wang, Jian-Gang Li, Yindala Ba, Dilixiati Tuniyazi, Cheng Geng, Xin-Jian Xu, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Co-first authors: Shi-Xing Wu and Paerhatijiang Abulimiti.
Co-corresponding authors: Cheng Geng and Xin-Jian Xu.
Author contributions: Wu SX wrote the manuscript; Wu SX and Abulimiti P contributed equally to this article, they are the co-first authors of this manuscript; Abulimiti P and Zhang BL organized the resources; Abuduwaili A conducted a formal analysis; Wang C performed data curation; Li JG performed investigation; Ba Y performed conceptualization; Tuniyazi D processed the software; Geng C performed writing - review and editing; Xu XJ performed methodology and obtaining funding; Geng C and Xu XJ they contributed equally to this article, they are the co-corresponding authors of this manuscript; and all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82160491; and Tianshan Talent Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. TSYC202301A036.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: All procedures involving animals were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Experimental Animal Ethical Committee of Xinjiang Medical University, approval No. IACUC-20210303-55.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE guidelines.
Data sharing statement: The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Xin-Jian Xu, MD, Chief, Professor, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 118 Henan West Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. xxj10101@163.com
Received: December 8, 2025 Revised: January 5, 2026 Accepted: February 10, 2026 Published online: April 27, 2026 Processing time: 138 Days and 21.2 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Pancreaticoduodenectomy has achieved significant clinical advancements, offering patients optimal long-term survival outcomes. However, even in medical centers with high surgical volumes, the incidence of postoperative complications remains relatively high following pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ). In clinical practice, our team has proposed the PJ with mucosal-priority healing (PM-PJ).
AIM
To observe the characteristics of intestinal mucosal cell migration and the changes of inflammatory factors during the pancreaticojejunal anastomosis.
METHODS
Thirty-six beagle dogs were randomly divided into two groups, namely, the PM-PJ group (n = 18) and the control group (n = 18), which underwent classic end-to-side invagination PJ. Six beagles were sacrificed on postoperative days 7, days 14, and days 21 to obtain PJ tissue. The primary outcomes were postoperative mortality, morbidity, and pathological changes in the anastomosis.
RESULTS
All surgeries were successful. In the study group, the incidence rates of anastomotic leakage and pancreatitis were 0% and 11.1% (2/18), respectively, whereas in the control group, these rates were 5.6% (1/18) and 16.7% (3/18), respectively. Serum levels of transforming growth factor β1, interleukin (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6 were elevated at all postoperative time points in both groups, with more significant increases observed in the study group at certain time points. Pathological examination revealed superior anastomotic healing in the study group at all time points. The expression levels of collagen I/III and alpha smooth muscle actin proteins in the anastomoses of both groups showed temporal changes, with more pronounced variations in the study group at specific time points.
CONCLUSION
PM-PJ surgery proved safe and reliable, with lower anastomotic leakage vs controls; complications were comparable. Transforming growth factor β1/IL-6 rose markedly on postoperative days 7 and days 14.
Core Tip: This study investigates the migration of intestinal mucosal cells and the role of inflammatory mediators in pancreaticojejunal anastomosis using a beagle model. The novel pancreaticojejunostomy with mucosal-priority healing technique demonstrates a lower incidence of anastomotic leakage and reduced postoperative complications. Elevated levels of transforming growth factor-β1 and interleukin-6 are observed, indicating their critical role in early healing through collagen synthesis. These findings highlight the benefits of prioritizing mucosal healing and offer insights into optimizing surgical techniques for improved clinical outcomes.
