Analysis the effectiveness nursing interventions for contrast-induced adverse reactions in postoperative general surgery patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.114434

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Feb 27, 2026 (publication date) through Feb 26, 2026

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Surg. Feb 27, 2026; 18(2): 114434
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.114434

Analysis the effectiveness nursing interventions for contrast-induced adverse reactions in postoperative general surgery patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans

Li An, Xin-Yue Chang

Li An, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132000, Jilin Province, China

Xin-Yue Chang, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300190, China

Author contributions: An L is responsible for research design, data collection and organization, statistical analysis, and writing the initial draft of the paper; Chang XY is responsible for the overall conceptualization and review of the research proposal. All authors have read and agreed to the final published version of the paper, and have ensured that the research process complies with academic ethical standards.

Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University (No. JLSBHDXFSYY-2021-102607).

Informed consent statement: All individuals who participated in this study provided written informed consent before enrolment.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.

Corresponding author: Xin-Yue Chang, Research Fellow, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300190, China. cxy22094@163.com

Received: October 17, 2025
Revised: November 14, 2025
Accepted: December 19, 2025
Published online: February 27, 2026
Processing time: 131 Days and 22.4 Hours

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is common postoperatively; however, contrast-induced adverse reactions increase the risk of renal injury and inflammation, requiring effective nursing care.

AIM

To investigate the efficacy of comprehensive precision nursing interventions in preventing and managing contrast-induced adverse reactions during abdominal contrast-enhanced CT among postoperative general surgery patients.

METHODS

Eighty patients undergoing elective surgery in the Department of General Surgery at the Beihua University Affiliated Hospital between January 2021 and January 2025, who required postoperative abdominal contrast-enhanced CT, were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups using a random number table: A control group (n = 40) that received conventional nursing care, and an observation group (n = 40) that received comprehensive precision nursing interventions in addition to conventional care. Comparisons were made between the groups for the following: Heart rate variability indices, including SD of normal R-R intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive R-R interval differences (RMSSD); inflammatory cytokine levels, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); patient-reported outcomes; and procedure-related complications (e.g., contrast extravasation and acute adverse reactions).

RESULTS

Post-examination, compared with the control group, the observation group exhibited significantly lower increase in serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C (P < 0.05), higher SDNN and RMSSD values (P < 0.05), and markedly reduced IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations (P < 0.05). Regarding patient subjective experiences, the observation group demonstrated superior scores for emotional functioning, overall health status, and discomfort when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, incidence of contrast medium extravasation and overall adverse reaction rates were lower in the observation group than those in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Implementing comprehensive, precision nursing interventions for postoperative general surgery patients helps mitigate early renal tubular damage caused by iodinated contrast agents, maintains autonomic nervous system stability, alleviates systemic inflammatory responses, and enhances patients’ subjective comfort and treatment experience. Concurrently, this nursing model effectively reduces the complication risks associated with contrast agent administration, thereby improving the safety and clinical service quality of contrast-enhanced CT.

Keywords: General surgery postoperative; Contrast-enhanced computed tomography; Contrast-induced adverse reactions; Precision nursing; Subclinical renal injury; Heart rate variability; Patient-reported outcomes

Core Tip: This study explored comprehensive precision nursing for postoperative general surgery patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Nursing care mitigated subclinical renal injury, stabilized the autonomic nervous system, reduced inflammation and contrast-induced adverse reactions, improved patient-reported outcomes, and enhanced scan safety and quality.