Published online Jan 27, 2024. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i1.6
Peer-review started: November 18, 2023
First decision: December 6, 2023
Revised: December 11, 2023
Accepted: December 26, 2023
Article in press: December 26, 2023
Published online: January 27, 2024
Processing time: 67 Days and 23.8 Hours
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant tumor within the digestive system, with over 40% of new cases and deaths related to GC globally occurring in China. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, such as surgery supplemented by adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapeutic agents, the prognosis for GC remains poor. New targeted therapies and immunotherapies are currently under investigation, but no significant breakthroughs have been achieved. Studies have indicated that GC is a heterogeneous disease, encompassing multiple subtypes with distinct biological characteristics and roles. Consequently, personalized treatment based on clinical features, pathologic typing, and molecular typing is crucial for the diagnosis and management of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC). Current research has categorized GC into four subtypes: Epstein-Barr virus-positive, microsatellite instability, genome stability, and chromosome instability (CIN). Technologies such as multi-omics analysis and gene sequencing are being employed to identify more suitable novel testing methods in these areas. Among these, ultrasensitive chromosomal aneuploidy detection (UCAD) can detect CIN at a genome-wide level in subjects using low-depth whole genome sequencing technology, in conjunction with bioinformatics analysis, to achieve qualitative and quantitative detection of chromosomal stability. This editorial reviews recent research advancements in UCAD technology for the diagnosis and management of PLGC.
Core Tip: The purpose of this editorial is to provide an overview of the current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for gastric precancerous lesions, and to explore the potential clinical application of ultrasensitive chromosomal aneuploidy detection in the field of gastric cancer prevention and control. By doing so, this article aims to advance future research in this area.