Impact of setting distinct target blood glucose levels on endogenous insulin suppression and pharmacodynamics of insulin preparations

Table 1 Summary of demographics, clamp information, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of two groups before and after propensity score matching for basal C-peptide levels

	Before PSM			After PSM
	Group A	Group B	P value	Group A	Group B	P value
N	15	120	-	15	56	-
Age (years)1	24.7 ± 3.0	27.3 ± 5.3	0.073	24.7 ± 3.0	25.4 ± 4.1	0.565
Weight (kg)1	61.0 ± 7.0	61.2 ± 6.6	0.916	61.0 ± 7.0	61.4 ± 6.8	0.859
Height (cm)1	170.6 ± 6.6	169.1 ± 7.6	0.442	170.6 ± 6.6	169.3 ± 7.1	0.522
BMI (kg/m2)1	20.9 ± 1.7	21.4 ± 1.9	0.33	20.9 ± 1.7	21.4 ± 1.7	0.367
Dosage (IU)1	12.1 ± 1.5	12.2 ± 1.4	0.81	12.1 ± 1.5	12.3 ± 1.4	0.711
Female, n (%)	1, 6.7	15, 12.5	0.442	1, 6.7	6, 10.7	0.541
Basal BG (mmol/L)1	3.91 ± 0.09	4.39± 0.24	< 0.001	3.91 ± 0.09	4.35 ± 0.21	< 0.001
Target BG (mmol/L)1	3.81 ± 0.08	4.17 ± 0.23	< 0.001	3.81 ± 0.08	4.13 ± 0.20	< 0.001
Clamped BG (mmol/L)1	3.80 ± 0.06	4.13 ± 0.19	< 0.001	3.80 ± 0.06	4.10 ± 0.17	< 0.001
CVBG (%)1	4.04 ± 0.79	3.97 ± 0.84	0.755	4.04 ± 0.79	3.96 ± 0.97	0.78
AUCIAsp, 0-8 h (ng/mL × h)1	566 ± 51	562 ± 85	0.86	566 ± 51	571 ± 85	0.84
AUCGIR, 0-8 h (mg/kg)1	1433 ± 400	1465 ± 396	0.764	1433 ± 400	1440 ± 397	0.952
Basal C-peptide (ng/mL)1	1.32 ± 0.42	1.59 ± 0.36	0.006	1.32 ± 0.42	1.47 ± 0.34	0.161
Mean postdose C-peptide (ng/mL)1	0.90 ± 0.34	1.04 ± 0.31	0.088	0.90 ± 0.34	0.94 ± 0.26	0.6
C-peptide reduction (%)1	32.5 ± 10.0	34.6 ± 12.2	0.527	32.5 ± 10.0	35.6 ± 12.1	0.37

¹Data is expressed as the mean ± SD.

PSM: Propensity score matching; BMI: Body mass index; BG: Blood glucose; CVBG: Coefficient of variation of blood glucose; AUC: Area under the curve; IAsp: Insulin aspart; GIR: Glucose infusion rate.