Incretins and selective renal sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in hypertension and coronary heart disease

doi:10.4239/wjd.v6.i11.1186

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World Journal of Diabetes

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World J Diabetes. Sep 10, 2015; 6(11): 1186-1197
Published online Sep 10, 2015. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i11.1186

Incretins and selective renal sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in hypertension and coronary heart disease

Ramiro A Sanchez, Hugo Sanabria, Cecilia de los Santos, Agustin J Ramirez

Ramiro A Sanchez, Agustin J Ramirez, Arterial Hypertension and Metabolic Unit, University Hospital, Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires 1093, Argentina

Hugo Sanabria, Diabetes Unit, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina

Cecilia de los Santos, Medical Affairs Department, Boehringer Ingelheim, Munro 1605, Argentina

Author contributions: All the authors equally contributed to this work.

Conflict-of-interest statement: None.

Correspondence to: Ramiro A Sanchez, MD, PhD, Professor, Head, Arterial Hypertension and Metabolic Unit, University Hospital, Fundación Favaloro, Av. Belgrano 1782, 4.º, Buenos Aires 1093, Argentina. rsanchez@ffavaloro.org

Telephone: +54-11-4371337

Received: August 25, 2014
Peer-review started: August 25, 2014
First decision: December 17, 2014
Revised: August 14, 2015
Accepted: August 30, 2015
Article in press: August 31, 2015
Published online: September 10, 2015
Processing time: 386 Days and 8.3 Hours

Core Tip

Core tip: The dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors prevent the breakdown of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, but also decrease the degradation of several vasoactive peptides. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors have shown to have favorable effects in animal models of ischemia/reperfusion and in hypertension. Clinical studies are most under way and final results could give reliable information on cardiovascular protection. Selective inhibitors of renal sodium glucose transport 2 have been also evaluated in the prevention of cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. However, data on cardiovascular outcomes and cardiovascular death are limited and long term studies are on-going, therefore it is premature to draw conclusions.