Punnose J. Maternal and neonatal outcomes according to the timing of diagnosis of gestational diabetes: A critical appraisal. World J Diabetes 2025; 16(10): 108254 [PMID: 41113499 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i10.108254]
Corresponding Author of This Article
John Punnose, MD, Chief Physician, Dean, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Stephen’s Hospital, Tis Hazari, Delhi 110054, India. drpunnose@rediffmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
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Minireviews
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This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Oct 15, 2025 (publication date) through Oct 22, 2025
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Journal Information of This Article
Publication Name
World Journal of Diabetes
ISSN
1948-9358
Publisher of This Article
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
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Punnose J. Maternal and neonatal outcomes according to the timing of diagnosis of gestational diabetes: A critical appraisal. World J Diabetes 2025; 16(10): 108254 [PMID: 41113499 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i10.108254]
World J Diabetes. Oct 15, 2025; 16(10): 108254 Published online Oct 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i10.108254
Maternal and neonatal outcomes according to the timing of diagnosis of gestational diabetes: A critical appraisal
John Punnose
John Punnose, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Stephen’s Hospital, Delhi 110054, India
Author contributions: Punnose J conceptualized the topic, reviewed literature, and prepared the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: John Punnose, MD, Chief Physician, Dean, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Stephen’s Hospital, Tis Hazari, Delhi 110054, India. drpunnose@rediffmail.com
Received: April 9, 2025 Revised: May 11, 2025 Accepted: September 11, 2025 Published online: October 15, 2025 Processing time: 189 Days and 18 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic abnormality of pregnancy and is associated with early and late adverse outcomes for both mothers and fetuses. Hyperglycemia that satisfies the GDM diagnostic criteria is increasingly being identified in early pregnancy [early-onset GDM (E-GDM)]. Despite treatment, adverse pregnancy events are more common in E-GDM than in late-onset GDM. The TOBOGM study revealed a significant reduction in adverse neonatal events, especially neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, when GDM treatment was initiated in early pregnancy and reported the cost-effectiveness of this strategy. More prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to develop an internationally accepted criterion for E-GDM diagnosis.
