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©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2024; 15(6): 1212-1225
Published online Jun 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1212
Published online Jun 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1212
Evaluating new biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy: Role of α2-macroglobulin, podocalyxin, α-L-fucosidase, retinol-binding protein-4, and cystatin C
Jing-Jing Li, Department of Infectious Diseases, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Ru-La Sa, Zhao-Li Yan, Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Yu Zhang, Department of Dermatology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Author contributions: Li JJ and Sa RL designed the research; Li JJ, Zhang Y, and Yan ZL performed the research; Zhang Y and Yan ZL contributed new reagents/analytic tools; Li JJ and Sa RL analyzed the data; Li JJ, Sa RL, and Zhang Y wrote the paper.
Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region , No. 2022MS08057 .
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University (Approval No. WZ2024004).
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author declares no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zhao-Li Yan, FAASLD, Chief Doctor, Research Fellow, Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Road, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. aliceyzl@126.com
Received: January 7, 2024
Revised: February 27, 2024
Accepted: April 30, 2024
Published online: June 15, 2024
Processing time: 154 Days and 5.4 Hours
Revised: February 27, 2024
Accepted: April 30, 2024
Published online: June 15, 2024
Processing time: 154 Days and 5.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This study elucidates the diagnostic value of α2-macroglobulin (α2-MG), podocalyxin (PCX), α-L-fucosidase (AFU), retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), and cystatin C (CysC) in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy (DN). It reveals that these biomarkers, especially urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), are strongly correlated with renal damage indicators. The research demonstrates the superior diagnostic capability of UACR for DN, while highlighting the importance of α2-MG, PCX, AFU, RBP-4, and CysC as complementary diagnostic tools. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of DN and enhance diagnostic accuracy in clinical practice.