Plasma melatonin levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy secondary to type 2 diabetes

doi:10.4239/wjd.v12.i2.138

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World Journal of Diabetes

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World J Diabetes. Feb 15, 2021; 12(2): 138-148
Published online Feb 15, 2021. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i2.138

Plasma melatonin levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy secondary to type 2 diabetes

Wen-Cui Wan, Yang Long, Wei-Wei Wan, Hong-Zhuo Liu, Hao-Hao Zhang, Wei Zhu

Wen-Cui Wan, Yang Long, Wei-Wei Wan, Hong-Zhuo Liu, Wei Zhu, Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China

Hao-Hao Zhang, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China

Wei Zhu, Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No. 2 People's Hospital, Changshu 215000, Jiangsu Province, China

Author contributions: Wan W,Long Y and Zhang HH contributed equally to this work; Wan W, Long Y, Wan W, Liu H, Zhang H and Zhu W designed the research study; Wan W, Long Y, Wan W, Liu H and Zhang H performed the research; Wan W, Long Y, Wan W and Zhu W contributed new reagents and analytic tools; Wan W, Long Y and Wan W analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Supported by National Nature Science Foundation Project for Young Scientists of China, No. 81700804; The Foundation for Young Medical Talents of Jiangsu Province, No. QNRC2016211; Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu Health Commission, No. Z2019044; and Youth Project of Henan Provincial Health and Health Commission, Ministry of Education, No. SB201902008.

Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee of the Changshu No. 2 People’s Hospital (Approval No. 2020-KY-003).

Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.

STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.

Corresponding author: Wei Zhu, MD, Attending Physician, Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No. 2 People's Hospital, No. 99 Xiannan Street, Changshu 215000, Jiangsu Province, China. shzhuwei0722@163.com

Received: August 2, 2020
Peer-review started: August 2, 2020
First decision: November 18, 2020
Revised: November 26, 2020
Accepted: December 10, 2020
Article in press: December 10, 2020
Published online: February 15, 2021
Processing time: 174 Days and 1.4 Hours

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS

Research background

Melatonin is reported to be related to diabetes mellitus (DM) risk; however, the effect of melatonin on diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk remains unclear.

Research motivation

To determine the effect of melatonin on the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Research objectives

To assess the effect of melatonin on diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk, and determine whether plasma melatonin can be used as a sensitive and specific marker for detecting DR.

Research methods

A hospital-based case-control study was conducted from January 2020 to June 2020. The participants were divided into the DM cases without DR group, non-proliferative DR group and proliferative DR group. Plasma melatonin concentration was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.

Research results

Plasma melatonin concentration was decreased in DR cases, and a significant positive relationship between total bilirubin and melatonin was observed.

Research conclusions

Plasma melatonin concentration may help in the management of DR. Plasma mela-tonin could be used as a sensitive and specific marker for the detection of DR.

Research perspectives

More studies on animal or cellular models would help in understanding the role of melatonin in DR.