Xu XC, Fang HJ, Huang HY. Prognostic value of microRNA-495-3p, adiponectin, and cardiometabolic index in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. World J Diabetes 2025; 16(7): 108262 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.108262]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Xu-Chun Xu, MD, Doctor, Department of Nephrology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China. xuchunxu099@163.com
Research Domain of This Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Diabetes. Jul 15, 2025; 16(7): 108262 Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.108262
Prognostic value of microRNA-495-3p, adiponectin, and cardiometabolic index in type 2 diabetic nephropathy
Xu-Chun Xu, He-Jing Fang, Hua-Ying Huang
Xu-Chun Xu, He-Jing Fang, Department of Nephrology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
Hua-Ying Huang, Department of Endocrine Metabolism, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
Author contributions: Xu XC and Fang HJ designed the study and performed the experiments; Huang HY collected the data; Xu XC analyzed the data and prepared the manuscript; All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital.
Informed consent statement: Signed written informed consents were obtained from the patients and/or guardians.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xu-Chun Xu, MD, Doctor, Department of Nephrology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, No. 365 Renmin East Road, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China. xuchunxu099@163.com
Received: April 15, 2025 Revised: April 26, 2025 Accepted: May 29, 2025 Published online: July 15, 2025 Processing time: 90 Days and 23.3 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus, and identifying biomarkers for its prognosis remains a critical challenge. Previous studies have suggested potential roles of microRNAs (e.g., miR-495-3p), adiponectin (ADPN), and cardiometabolic index (CMI) in metabolic and renal pathologies. However, their combined predictive value for T2DN prognosis is not well understood.
AIM
To explore serum miR-495-3p, ADPN, and CMI levels in T2DN and their value in predicting prognosis.
METHODS
A total of 98 T2DN patients (study group) and 49 type 2 diabetic patients with normal renal function (control group) were enrolled from February 2020 to February 2022. Serum levels of miR-495-3p, ADPN, and CMI were measured in both groups. Patients were followed up for 6 months to assess prognosis. Differences between groups were analyzed, and multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive value of these biomarkers.
RESULTS
The study group exhibited significantly lower miR-495-3p levels and higher ADPN and CMI levels compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Poor prognosis patients had even lower miR-495-3p and higher ADPN and CMI levels than those with good prognosis (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, miR-495-3p, ADPN, and CMI as independent predictors of prognosis (P < 0.05). ROC analysis revealed area under the curve values of 0.762 (miR-495-3p), 0.902 (ADPN), 0.757 (CMI), 0.899 (alanine aminotransferase), 0.852 (aspartate aminotransferase), 0.916 (urea nitrogen), and 0.910 (serum creatinine) for predicting poor prognosis (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Low miR-495-3p and high ADPN and CMI levels are linked to T2DN and poor prognosis, highlighting their potential for risk prediction and clinical management.
Core Tip: This study identifies serum microRNA-495-3p (miR-495-3p), adiponectin (ADPN), and cardiometabolic index (CMI) as novel biomarkers for predicting poor prognosis in type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN). Lower miR-495-3p and higher ADPN/CMI levels correlate with worse renal outcomes, offering clinical utility for risk stratification. Multivariate analysis confirms their independent predictive value alongside liver/kidney function markers. These findings highlight miR-495-3p’s potential as a key prognostic indicator, advancing personalized management strategies for T2DN.