Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.104306
Revised: April 2, 2025
Accepted: May 30, 2025
Published online: July 15, 2025
Processing time: 210 Days and 4.8 Hours
The primary complication associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is delivery of an infant that is large for gestational age (LGA). Epidemiological findings have demonstrated that irregular lipid metabolism significantly con
To explore the relationships between lipid indices and the possibility of having LGA infants among GDM-affected pregnant females.
Binary logistic regression methods were employed to evaluate the odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals for LGA according to five lipid indices. Restricted cubic spline models were applied to investigate dose-response relationships. The association between lipid indices and the risk of delivering LGA infants was further investigated among different subgroups. Receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to assess the diagnostic performance of lipid indices.
Across crude and adjusted models, females with lipid indices in the upper two tertiles presented a markedly elevated risk of delivering LGA infants compared with the lowest tertile category. Conversely, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels demonstrated the contrary trend. Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed linear associations between the five lipid indices, except triglyceride levels, and the prevalence of LGA. The subgroup analysis highlighted that the correlation between lipid indices and the probability of LGA was inconsistent. The five lipid indices presented significant diagnostic efficacy, as indicated by receiver operating characteristic curve areas.
Our research demonstrated that lipid indices were effective predictors of the incidence of LGA infants in GDM-affected pregnancies irrespective of potential confounding factors.
Core Tip: Large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants are a primary complication associated with gestational diabetes mellitus. While maternal hyperglycemia is a recognized risk factor for LGA, it may not be the sole contributor. Epidemiological studies have indicated that abnormal lipid metabolism significantly contributes to insulin resistance, a key pathophysiological mechanism in gestational diabetes mellitus. However, the link between lipid indices and LGA infant risk remains contentious, with inconsistent findings across studies. Consequently, the aim of the study was to assess the association between maternal lipid indices and LGA infant risk in our cohort.