Published online Jan 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i1.92711
Revised: April 26, 2024
Accepted: October 8, 2024
Published online: January 15, 2025
Processing time: 298 Days and 18.4 Hours
Mizagliflozin (MIZ) is a specific inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransport protein 1 (SGLT1) originally developed as a medication for diabetes.
To explore the impact of MIZ on diabetic nephropathy (DN).
Diabetic mice were created using db/db mice. They were administered either a low dose (0.5 mg/kg) or a high dose (1.0 mg/kg) of the SGLT1 inhibitor MIZ via stomach gavage for 8 weeks. Subsequently, mesangial cells (MCs) were isolated and subjected to high glucose conditions in culture to assess the effects of MIZ on DN.
The results showed that low doses of MIZ significantly reduced albuminuria to a level comparable to that achieved with high doses in db/db mice. High doses of MIZ led to a substantial increase in body weight in mice, along with decreased blood glucose levels and food intake. Moreover, the intervention with high-dose MIZ notably decreased the expression of extracellular matrix genes, such as collagen type 1 alpha 1 mRNA levels. While the expression of SGLT1 increased after exposure to high glucose, it decreased following treatment with MIZ. Furthermore, MIZ intervention was more effective in improving lactate dehydrogenase levels in MCs induced by high glucose compared to canagliflozin. MIZ also significantly elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione, while reducing malondialdehyde levels.
These findings indicate that MIZ can ameliorate DN by inhibiting SGLT1, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Core Tip: Diabetic nephropathy is a common and serious complication of diabetes, characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix in the renal units. Mizagliflozin can improve diabetic nephropathy impairment by inhibiting neural sodium-glucose cotransport protein 1, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Its functions are regarded as positive regulators of inflammation and oxidative stress. These findings offer new treatment methods targeting sodium-glucose cotransport protein 1 inhibitors for diabetic kidney disease.