Diagnostic and prognostic values of pancreatic juice carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with pancreatic cancer

Table 1 Characteristics of operated and control patients, n (%)

	Number of patients			P value1
	Control	Operated	Total
Gender
Male	5/7	14 (82)	19 (79)	0.56
Female	2/7	3 (18)	5 (21)
Age (years), median (interquartile range)	68 (66-73)
Follow up (months), median (interquartile range)	59 (48-73)
Two years
Alive	8 (47)
Died	9 (53)
Five years
Alive	5 (29)
Died	12 (71)

¹Fisher’s exact test.

Table 2 Differences in the carbohydrate antigen 19-9 pancreatic juice concentration values (U/mL)

	Number of patients	Median (interquartile range)	Difference	95%CI	P value1
Control	7	349 (291.2-619.4)	9806.3	1214.3-86547.4	0.01
Operated	17	10108 (1831.5-89011)

¹Mann-Whitney U test.

CI: Confidence interval.

Table 3 Differences in carcinoembryonic antigen pancreatic juice concentration values (ng/mL)

	Number of patients	Median (interquartile range)	Difference	95%CI	P value1
Control	7	3.59 (0.20-15.50)	108.2	44.9-145.3	< 0.001
Operated	17	113.8 (60.6-188.04)

¹Mann-Whitney U test.

CI: Confidence interval.

Table 4 Correlation between age and tumor markers in the operated group

	Spearman’s correlation factor Rho (P value)
	Age	CA 19-9	CA 19-9 juice	CEA	CEA juice
Age	-
CA 19-9	0.080 (0.76)	-
CA 19-9 juice	0.228 (0.38)	0.471 (0.06)	-
CEA	-0.049 (0.85)	0.417 (0.09)	0.002 (0.99)	-
CEA juice	0.008 (0.98)	-0.026 (0.92)	0.260 (0.31)	-0.006 (0.98)	-

CA 19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.

Table 5 Influence of tumor marker values (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 serum U/mL, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 pancreatic juice U/mL, carcinoembryonic antigen serum ng/mL, carcinoembryonic antigen pancreatic juice ng/mL) on 2-year survival

2-year survival	Number of patients	Median (interquartile range)	Difference	95%CI	P value
CA 19-9 serum
Alive	8	98.6 (4.4-230.9)	135.9	-24.8 to 528.0	0.14
Dead	9	233.2 (114.4-890.4)
CA 19-9 juice
Alive	8	24259.5 (884.2-91454.0)	275.7	-54112.8 to 63488.0	0.96
Dead	9	9932.0 (2073.6-88369.0)
CEA serum
Alive	8	5.05 (2.1-11.2)	-2.2	-6.9 to 7.6	> 0.99
Dead	9	4.4 (1.9-10.5)
CEA juice
Alive	8	82.3 (71.2-230.6)	14.8	-175.04 to 124.5	0.92
Dead	9	128.4 (36.7-208.5)

CA 19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 6 Influence of tumor marker values (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 serum, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 pancreatic juice, carcinoembryonic antigen serum, carcinoembryonic antigen pancreatic juice) on 5-year survival

5-year survival	Number of patients	Median (interquartile range)	Difference	95%CI	P value
CA 19-9 serum
Alive	5	16.4 (3.1-174.8)	159.2	-8.0 to 1845.3	0.08
Dead	12	224.0 (108.2-1248.9)
CA 19-9 juice
Alive	5	1516.0 (190.7-39688.0)	9135.8	-15348.0 to 97604.0	0.16
Dead	12	18911.5 (2287.2-98534.0)
CEA serum
Alive	5	2.4 (1.7-94.2)	2.25	-1.3 to 9.0	0.28
Dead	12	6.1 (2.4-10.8)
CEA juice
Alive	5	76.7 (50.3-141.3)	57.4	58.5 to 335.3	0.25
Dead	12	134.5 (63.2-278.8)

CA 19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 7 Differences in the distribution of operated patients by carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen values concerning 2-year and 5-year survival, n (%)

	Number of patients			P value
	Alive	Dead	Total
2-year survival
CA 19-9
< 25 U/mL	4 (60)	0	4 (24)	0.03
≥ 25 U/mL	4 (40)	9 (100)	13 (76)
5-year survival
CA 19-9
< 25 U/mL	3 (60)	1 (8)	4 (24)	0.06
≥ 25 U/mL	2 (40)	11 (92)	13 (76)
2-year survival
CEA
< 2.5 ng/mL	3 (38)	3 (33)	6 (35)	> 0.99
≥ 2.5 ng/mL	5 (62)	6 (67)	11 (65)
5-year survival
CEA
< 2.5 ng/mL	3 (60)	3 (25)	6 (35)	0.28
≥ 2.5 ng/mL	2 (40)	9 (75)	11 (65)

CA 19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.

Table 8 2-year and 5-year survival rates, n (%)

	Died	Alive	Total	Arithmetic mean	95%CI for arithmetic mean	Median	95%CI for median
2-year	9 (53)	8 (47)	17	40 (7.8)	24.6-55.4	17	6-17
5-year	12 (71)	5 (29)	17	33.0 (6.9)	19.5-46.6	17	6-53

CI: Confidence interval.

Table 9 Differences in 2-year and 5-year survival by carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen values, n (%)

	Died	Alive	Total	Arithmetic mean	95%CI for arithmetic mean	Median	95%CI median	Log-rank test
2-year
CA 19-9
< 25 U/mL	0	4 (100)	4	24 (0)	24-24	-	-	0.04
≥ 25 U/mL	9 (69)	4 (31)	13	30 (8.3)	13.2-45.9	16	6-17
CEA
< 2.5 ng/mL	3 (50)	3 (50)	6	18.2 (2.7)	12.7-23.5	17	4-17	0.70
≥ 2.5 ng/mL	6 (55)	5 (45)	11	15.5 (2.5)	10.7-20.4	16	6-16
5-year
CA 19-9
< 25 U/mL	1 (25)	3 (75)	4	53 (4.5)	44.1-61.9	-	-	0.04
≥ 25 U/mL	11 (85)	2 (15)	13	22 (5.2)	11.7-31.9	16	6-23
CEA
< 2.5 ng/mL	3 (50)	3 (50)	6	36.2 (8.5)	19.6-52.8	17	4-17	0.29
≥ 2.5 ng/mL	9 (82)	2 (18)	11	25.4 (5.9)	13.8-36.9	16	6-53

CA 19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval.