Chemotherapy plus bevacizumab vs chemoimmunotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: Real-world analysis

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients at baseline

Characteristics	Levels	n (%)
Age (year)	≤ 60	76 (51.4)
	> 60	72 (48.6)
Gender	Male	91 (61.5)
	Female	57 (38.5)
ECOG score	0-1	136 (91.9)
	2	12 (8.1)
Location	Right colon	50 (33.8)
	Left colon and rectum	98 (66.2)
Surgery	No	27 (18.4)
	Yes	120 (81.6)
No. of metastases	1	89 (60.1)
	≥ 2	59 (39.9)
Liver metastasis	No	64 (43.2)
	Yes	84 (56.8)
Lung metastasis	No	106 (71.6)
	Yes	42 (28.4)
RAS	Wild type	22 (14.9)
	KRAS mutation	26 (17.6)
	NRAS mutation	2 (1.4)
	Unknown	98 (66.2)
Group	SOC	108 (73.0)
	Chemoimmunotherapy	40 (27.0)

ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; SOC: Standard-of-care.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis of the effect of prognostic factors in the original cohort (progression-free survival)

Dependent: Survival (PFS/30, status PFS)		All	HR (univariable)	HR (multivariable)
Gender	Male	90 (61.2)	-	-
	Female	57 (38.8)	0.83 (0.57-1.21, P = 0.335)	-
Age (year)	≤ 60	75 (51.0)	-	-
	> 60	72 (49.0)	1.02 (0.71-1.48, P = 0.915)	-
ECOG score	0-1	135 (91.8)	-	-
	2	12 (8.2)	1.68 (0.88-3.23, P = 0.117)	-
Primary tumor location	Right colon	49 (33.3)	-	-
	Left colon and rectum	98 (66.7)	1.11 (0.76-1.64, P = 0.587)	-
No. of metastatic organs	1	88 (59.9)	-	-
	≥ 2	59 (40.1)	1.39 (0.96-2.02, P = 0.082)	1.13 (0.76-1.67, P = 0.550)
Liver metastasis	No	64 (43.5)	-	-
	Yes	83 (56.5)	1.33 (0.92-1.94, P = 0.133)	-
Lung metastasis	No	105 (71.4)	-	-
	Yes	42 (28.6)	1.03 (0.68-1.56, P = 0.891)	-
RAS	Wild type	22 (15.0)	-	-
	Mutation	28 (19.0)	1.86 (0.98-3.53, P = 0.057)	1.95 (1.01-3.75, P = 0.045)
	Unknown	97 (66.0)	1.48 (0.87-2.53, P = 0.152)	1.65 (0.95-2.86, P = 0.076)
Group	Control group	107 (72.8)	-	-
	Experimental group	40 (27.2)	0.56 (0.36-0.88, P = 0.011)	0.55 (0.35-0.87, P = 0.011)

n = 148, events = 115, Likelihood ratio test = 12.91 on 4 df (P = 0.012). PFS: Progression-free survival; HR: Hazard ratio; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis of the effect of prognostic factors in the original cohort (overall survival)

Dependent: Survival (OS/30, status OS)		All, n (%)	HR (univariable)	HR (multivariable)
Gender	Male	90 (61.2)	-	-
	Female	57 (38.8)	0.74 (0.41-1.34, P = 0.316)	0.94 (0.51-1.74, P = 0.848)
Age (year)	≤ 60	75 (51.0)	-	-
	> 60	72 (49.0)	1.25 (0.71-2.19, P = 0.434)	0.98 (0.55-1.74, P = 0.942)
ECOG score	0-1	135 (91.8)	-	-
	2	12 (8.2)	1.03 (0.37-2.87, P = 0.957)	-
Primary tumor location	Right colon	49 (33.3)	-	-
	Left colon and rectum	98 (66.7)	1.00 (0.56-1.78, P = 0.992)	-
No. of metastatic organs	1	88 (59.9)	-	-
	≥ 2	59 (40.1)	1.49 (0.85-2.60, P = 0.164)	-
Liver metastasis	No	64 (43.5)	-	-
	Yes	83 (56.5)	3.55 (1.88-6.69, P < 0.001)	3.48 (1.80-6.72, P < 0.001)
Lung metastasis	No	105 (71.4)	-	-
	Yes	42 (28.6)	0.73 (0.38-1.39, P = 0.335)	-
RAS	Wild type	22 (15.0)	-	-
	Mutation	28 (19.0)	0.92 (0.41-2.07, P = 0.842)	-
	Unknown	97 (66.0)	0.63 (0.31-1.27, P = 0.195)	-
Group	Control group	107 (72.8)	-	-
	Experimental group	40 (27.2)	0.61 (0.28-1.30, P = 0.197)	0.70 (0.32-1.52, P = 0.367)

n = 148, events = 51, Likelihood ratio test = 17.74 on 1 df (P < 0.001). OS: Overall survival; HR: Hazard ratio; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.

Table 4 Propensity score-adjusted multivariable cox regression analysis of prognostic factors associated with progression-free survival in the original cohort

Dependent: Survival (PFS, status PFS)		All, n (%)	HR (univariable)
Gender	Male	90 (61.2)	-
	Female	57 (38.8)	1.18 (0.20-7.13, P = 0.855)
Age (year)	≤ 60	75 (51.0)	-
	> 60	72 (49.0)	1.07 (0.68-1.69, P = 0.757)
ECOG score	0-1	135 (91.8)	-
	2	12 (8.2)	1.96 (0.95-4.04, P = 0.070)
Primary tumor location	Right colon	49 (33.3)	-
	Left colon and rectum	98 (66.7)	1.34 (0.72-2.50, P = 0.356)
No. of metastatic organs	1	88 (59.9)	-
	≥ 2	59 (40.1)	0.73 (0.08-6.57, P = 0.782)
Liver metastasis	No	64 (43.5)	-
	Yes	83 (56.5)	1.27 (0.83-1.92, P = 0.268)
Lung metastasis	No	105 (71.4)	-
	Yes	42 (28.6)	0.98 (0.61-1.60, P = 0.946)
RAS	Wild type	22 (15.0)	-
	Mutation	28 (19.0)	2.17 (1.07-4.38, P = 0.031)
	Unknown	97 (66.0)	1.76 (0.99-3.15, P = 0.056)
Group	Control group	107 (72.8)	-
	Experimental group	40 (27.2)	0.60 (0.38-0.96, P = 0.034)
PS	mean ± SD	0.3 ± 0.1	0.11 (0.00-9673.56, P = 0.702)

n = 147, events = 114, Likelihood ratio test = 18.9 on 11 df (P = 0.063). PFS: Progression-free survival; HR: Hazard ratio; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; PS: Propensity score.

Table 5 Propensity score-adjusted multivariable cox regression analysis of prognostic factors associated with overall survival in the original cohort

Dependent: Survival (OS, status OS)		All, n (%)	HR (multivariable)
Gender	Male	90 (61.2)	-
	Female	57 (38.8)	0.32 (0.02-5.24, P = 0.421)
Age (year)	≤ 60	75 (51.0)	-
	> 60	72 (49.0)	1.10 (0.55-2.23, P = 0.782)
ECOG score	0-1	135 (91.8)	-
	2	12 (8.2)	0.92 (0.31-2.77, P = 0.880)
Primary tumor location	Right colon	49 (33.3)	-
	Left colon and rectum	98 (66.7)	1.47 (0.59-3.64, P = 0.404)
No. of metastatic organs	1	88 (59.9)	-
	≥ 2	59 (40.1)	3.78 (0.14-99.03, P = 0.424)
Liver metastasis	No	64 (43.5)	-
	Yes	83 (56.5)	3.16 (1.53-6.53, P = 0.002)
Lung metastasis	No	105 (71.4)	-
	Yes	42 (28.6)	0.81 (0.35-1.84, P = 0.610)
RAS	Wild type	22 (15.0)	-
	Mutation	28 (19.0)	0.91 (0.36-2.26, P = 0.833)
	Unknown	97 (66.0)	0.58 (0.27-1.26, P = 0.168)
Group	Control group	107 (72.8)	-
	Experimental group	40 (27.2)	0.74 (0.33-1.65, P = 0.468)
PS	mean ± SD	0.3 ± 0.1	719.14 (0.00-25553659310.55, P = 0.458)

n = 147, events = 50, Likelihood ratio test = 21.98 on 11 df (P = 0.025). OS: Overall survival; HR: Hazard ratio; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; PS: Propensity score.