Intraperitoneal perfusion of endostatin improves the effectiveness and prolongs the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of patients in the two groups, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 115)	Control group (n = 56)	RH-endostatin group (n = 59)	χ2	P value
Sex				0.045	0.832
Male	73 (63.5)	35 (62.5)	38 (64.4)
Female	42 (36.5)	21 (37.5)	21 (35.6)
Age (59.4 ± 10.2 years)				0.475	0.491
≤ 60	64 (55.7)	33 (58.9)	31 (52.5)
> 60	51 (44.3)	23 (41.1)	28 (47.5)
Location of tumor				0.036	0.982
Lower 1/3	37 (32.2)	18 (32.2)	19 (32.2)
Middle 1/3	32 (27.8)	16 (28.5)	16 (27.1)
Upper 1/3	46 (40.0)	22 (39.3)	24 (40.7)
Degree of differentiation				0.141	0.707
Well/moderate	41 (35.7)	19 (34.0)	22 (37.3)
Poor	74 (64.3)	37 (66.0)	37 (62.7)
Amount of ascites				1.173	0.556
Small	17 (14.8)	7 (12.5)	10 (16.9)
Moderate	34 (29.6)	15 (26.8)	19 (32.2)
Massive	64 (55.6)	34 (60.7)	30 (50.8)
Peritoneal metastases				1.794	0.180
Oligo	21 (18.3)	13 (23.2)	8 (13.6)
Multiple	94 (81.7)	43 (76.8)	51 (86.4)

RH-endostatin: Recombinant human endostatin.

Table 2 Comparison of the treatment efficacy in patients in the two groups, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 115)	Control group (n = 56)	RH-endostatin group (n = 59)	χ2	P value
CR	19 (16.5)	8 (14.3)	11 (18.6)
PR	50 (43.5)	20 (35.7)	30 (50.8)
SD	20 (17.4)	12 (21.4)	8 (13.7)
PD	26 (22.6)	16 (28.6)	10 (16.9)
ORR	69 (60.0)	28 (50.0)	41 (69.4)	4.548	0.033
DCR	89 (77.4)	40 (71.4)	49 (83.1)	2.218	0.136

CR: Complete remission; PR: Partial remission; SD: Stable disease; PD: Progressive disease; ORR: Overall remission rate; DCR: Disease control rate; RH-endostatin: Recombinant human endostatin.

Table 3 Survival analysis of the enrolled patients

Variables	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR value (95%CI)	P value	HR value	P value
Sex (male vs female)	0.893 (0.606-1.316)	0.893
Age (≤ 60 vs > 60 years)	0.956 (0.657-1.391)	0.814
Location of tumor (lower 1/3 vs middle 1/3 vs upper 1/3)	1.077 (0.866-1.339)	0.505
Degree of differentiation (well/moderate vs poor)	1.460 (0.992-2.147)	0.055
Amount of ascites (small vs moderate vs massive)	1.396 (1.108-1.758)	0.005	1.263 (1.027-2.240)	0.061
Peritoneal metastases	0.604 (0.379-0.961)	0.033	0.611 (0.374-0.997)	0.042
(Oligo vs multiple)
Treatment methods (control group vs RH-endostatin group)	1.516 (1.045-2.198)	0.028	1.516 (1.027-2.240)	0.036

RH-endostatin: Recombinant human endostatin.

Table 4 Comparison of the quality of life of patients in the two groups, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 115)	Control group (n = 56)	RH-endostatin group (n = 59)	χ2	P value
Significantly improved	16 (13.9)	6 (10.7)	10 (16.9)
Improved	42 (36.5)	15 (26.8)	27 (45.8)
Stable	39 (34.0)	24 (42.9)	15 (25.4)
Decreased	18 (15.6)	11 (19.6)	7 (11.9)
Improvement rate	58 (50.4)	21 (37.5)	37 (2.7)	7.305	0.007

RH-endostatin: Recombinant human endostatin.

Table 5 Comparison of adverse events between the two groups, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 115)	Control group (n = 56)	RH-endostatin group (n = 59)	χ2	P value
Hematological toxicity	55 (47.8)	30 (53.5)	25 (42.3)	1.444	0.230
Leucopenia	35 (30.4)	19 (33.9)	16 (27.1)
Anemia	8 (7.0)	5 (8.9)	3 (5.1)
Thrombocytopenia	12 (10.4)	6 (10.7)	6 (10.2)
Non-hematological toxicity	58 (50.4)	32 (57.1)	26 (44.1)	2.507	0.113
Nausea, vomiting	33 (28.7)	18 (32.1)	15 (25.4)
Constipation	7 (6.1)	4 (7.1)	3 (5.1)
Tiredness	12 (10.4)	7 (12.5)	5 (8.5)
Liver dysfunction	6 (5.2)	3 (5.4)	3 (5.1)
Anti-vascular specific toxicity	14 (12.1)	9 (15.2)	5 (8.5)	1.566	0.2611
Secondary hypertension	2 (1.7)	2 (3.6)	0 (0)
Secondary proteinuria	4 (3.5)	3 (5.4)	1 (1.7)
Hemorrhage	3 (2.6)	2 (3.6)	1 (1.7)
Chemical peritonitis	5 (4.3)	2 (3.6)	3 (5.1)

¹Fisher’s exact test.

RH-endostatin: Recombinant human endostatin.