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©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jun 15, 2024; 16(6): 2476-2486
Published online Jun 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2476
Published online Jun 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2476
Table 1 Baseline patient demographic and disease characteristics
Characteristics | Total, n = 99 | DEB-TACE group, n = 45 | Control group, n = 54 | P value |
Age in yr | 52.6 ± 11.1 | 52.0 ± 12.1 | 53.0 ± 10.2 | 0.64 |
Sex | > 0.99 | |||
Male | 92 (92.9) | 42 (93.3) | 50 (92.6) | |
Female | 7 (7.1) | 3 (6.7) | 4 (7.4) | |
ECOG PS score | 0.53 | |||
0 | 45 (45.5) | 22 (48.9) | 23 (42.6) | |
1 | 54 (54.5) | 23 (51.1 ) | 31 (57.4) | |
HBV | 99 (100.0) | 45 (100.0) | 54 (100.0) | |
ChildPugh classification | < 0.01 | |||
A | 83 (84.7) | 43 (95.6) | 40 (75.5) | |
B | 11 (11.2) | 2 (4.4) | 9 (17.0) | |
C | 4 (4.1) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (7.5) | |
Time to LT in month | 1.0 (1.0, 2.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.5) | 1.0 (1.0, 1.0) | < 0.01 |
Macrovascular invasion | 0.96 | |||
Negative | 68 (68.7) | 31 (68.9) | 37 (68.5) | |
Segmental PVTT | 31 (31.3) | 14 (31.1) | 17 (31.5) | |
AFP level at admission in ng/mL | 94.7 (12.8, 3561.1) | 275.1 (17.2, 5428.8) | 43.1 (9.7, 455.2) | 0.07 |
AFP level before LT in ng/mL | 41.7 (8.0, 601.4) | 41.7 (4.7, 619.7) | 43.1 (9.7, 455.2) | 0.61 |
AFP ≤ 400 ng/mL | 74 (74.4) | 32 (71.1) | 42 (77.8) | 0.44 |
AFP > 400 ng/mL | 25 (25.3) | 13 (28.9) | 12 (22.2) | |
Overall diameter of target tumors in cm | 8.0 (5.2, 11.3) | 6.9 (4.7, 11.8) | 8.0 (5.4, 11.0) | 0.87 |
≤ 7 cm | 46 (46.5) | 24 (53.3) | 22 (40.7) | 0.21 |
> 7 cm | 53 (53.5) | 21 (46.7) | 32 (59.3) | |
Tumor grade | 0.97 | |||
Well differentiated | 3 (3.0) | 1 (2.2) | 2 (3.7) | |
Moderately differentiated | 71 (71.7) | 33 (73.3) | 38 (70.4) | |
Undifferentiated | 25 (25.3) | 11 (24.4) | 14 (25.9) |
Table 2 Baseline subgroup disease characteristics
Characteristic | Without segmental PVTT | P value | With segmental PVTT | P value | ||
Group A, n = 31, 68.9% | Group C, n = 37, 68.5% | Group B, n = 14, 31.1% | Group D, n = 17, 31.5% | |||
AFP level at admission in ng/mL | 155.9 (11.9, 1386.6) | 22.6 (7.2, 297.9) | 0.121 | 5428.8 (33.5, 20000) | 172.2 (54.5, 7951.4) | 0.233 |
AFP level before LT in ng/mL | 26.5 (4.6, 200.6) | 22.6 (7.2, 297.9) | 0.703 | 459.9 (4.6, 7670.5) | 172.2 (54.5, 7951.4) | 0.953 |
Overall diameter of target tumors in cm | 6.3 (4.4, 9.6) | 8.0 (4.9, 11.0) | 0.449 | 9.4 (6.6, 16.6) | 8.0 (6.1, 11.5) | 0.361 |
Tumor grade, n (%) | 0.925 | > 0.99 | ||||
Well differentiated | 1 (3.2) | 1 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.9) | ||
Moderately differentiated | 22 (71.0) | 27 (73.0) | 11 (78.6) | 11 (64.7) | ||
Undifferentiated | 8 (25.8) | 9 (24.3) | 3 (21.4) | 5 (29.4) | ||
MVI, n (%) | < 0.01 | - | ||||
MVI = M0 | 13 (41.9) | 11 (29.7) | - | - | ||
MVI = M1 | 10 (32.3) | 6 (16.2) | - | - | ||
MVI = M2 | 8 (25.8) | 20 (54.1) | - | - |
Table 3 Alpha-fetoprotein efficacy evaluation
Group | AFP before treatment | AFP after treatment | Z | P value |
DEB-TACE group in ng/mL | 275.1 (17.2-5428.8) | 41.7 (4.7-619.7) | -3.810 | < 0.001 |
Group A in ng/mL | 155.9 (11.9, 1386.6) | 26.5 (4.6, 200.6) | -2.793 | 0.005 |
Group B in ng/mL | 5428.8 (33.5, 20000) | 459.9 (4.6, 7670.5) | -2.341 | 0.019 |
Table 4 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model for recurrence-free survival and overall survival
Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
Total, n | HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | |
RFS | |||||||
Pre-LT DEB-TACE as yes/no | 45/54 | 2.62 | 1.41-4.89 | 0.002 | 2.73 | 1.44-5.14 | 0.002 |
Child-Pugh classification | |||||||
A | 83 | Reference | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
B | 12 | 2.03 | 0.98-4.23 | 0.056 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
C | 4 | 1.52 | 0.36-6.35 | 0.559 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Macrovascular invasion as yes/no | 31/68 | 1.74 | 0.98-3.09 | 0.056 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Overall diameter of target (tumors in cm for ≤ 7 cm/> 7 cm) | 46/53 | 2.55 | 1.38-4.69 | 0.003 | 1.98 | 1.05-3.75 | 0.035 |
AFP of ≤ 400 ng/mL/> 400 ng/mL) | 74/25 | 2.34 | 1.30-4.19 | 0.004 | 2.27 | 1.23-4.21 | 0.009 |
Tumor differentiation | |||||||
Well differentiated | 3 | Reference | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Moderately differentiated | 71 | 1.42 | 0.19-10.45 | 0.726 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Undifferentiated | 25 | 2.27 | 0.30-17.13 | 0.426 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
OS | |||||||
Pre-LT DEB-TACE as yes/no | 45/54 | 3.33 | 1.51-7.34 | 0.003 | 3.15 | 1.43-6.96 | 0.004 |
Child-Pugh classification | |||||||
A | 83 | Reference | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
B | 12 | 2.46 | 1.06-5.68 | 0.035 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
C | 4 | 1.81 | 0.42-7.66 | 0.41 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Macrovascular invasion as yes/no | 31/68 | 1.25 | 0.62-2.48 | 0.524 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Overall diameter of target (tumors in cm of ≤ 7 cm/> 7 cm) | 46/53 | 2.09 | 1.02-4.28 | 0.042 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
AFP of ≤ 400 ng/mL/> 400 ng/mL | 74/25 | 1.68 | 0.83-3.39 | 0.145 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Tumor differentiation | |||||||
Well differentiated | 3 | Reference | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Moderately differentiated | 71 | N/A | NA1 | 0.922 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Undifferentiated | 25 | N/A | NA1 | 0.920 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
- Citation: Ye ZD, Zhuang L, Song MC, Yang Z, Zhang W, Zhang JF, Cao GH. Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization as neoadjuvant therapy pre-liver transplantation for advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16(6): 2476-2486
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v16/i6/2476.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2476