Retrospective evaluation of lymphatic and blood vessel invasion and Borrmann types in advanced proximal gastric cancer

Table 1 Clinicopatholgical factors according to lymphatic vessel invasion, n (%)

Variable	n	Lymphatic vessel invasion		P value
		Absent (n = 289, 65.7%)	Present (n = 151, 34.3%)
Age (yr)	440	59.86 ± 10.4	58.55 ± 11.128	0.426
Gender				0.765
Male	333 (75.7)	220 (66.1)	113 (33.9)
Female	107 (24.3)	69 (64.5)	38 (35.5)
Tumor size (cm)				0.013
≤ 5	169 (38.5)	123 (72.8)	46 (27.2)
> 5	231 (52.5)	166 (60.4)	105 (39.6)
Macroscopic type				0.003
Borrmann I-II	58 (13.2)	49 (84.5)	9 (15.5)
Borrmann III	310 (70.4)	199 (64.2)	111 (35.8)
Borrmann IV	72 (16.4)	41 (56.9)	31 (43.1)
Adjacent organs invaded1				0.815
With	105 (23.9)	70 (66.7)	36 (33.3)
Without	335 (76.1)	219 (65.4)	116 (34.6)
Histologic grade				0.001
Well	203 (46.1)	149 (73.4)	54 (26.6)
Poor	237 (53.9)	140 (59.1)	97 (40.9)
AJCC pT category				0.002
pT2	53 (12.0)	37 (69.8)	16 (30.2)
pT3	136 (31.0)	104 (76.5)	32 (23.5)
pT4a	251 (57.0)	148 (59.0)	103 (41.0)
AJCC pN category				0.000
pN0	102 (23.2)	96 (94.1)	6 (5.9)
pN1	71 (16.2)	51 (71.8)	20 (28.2)
pN2	98 (22.2)	65 (66.3)	33 (33.7)
pN3a	89 (20.2)	47 (52.8)	42 (47.2)
pN3b	80 (18.2)	30 (37.5)	50 (62.5)
Resection type				0.426
Proximal	97 (22.1)	67 (69.1)	30 (30.1)
Total	343 (77.9)	222 (64.7)	121 (35.3)
Combined other organ resection				0.815
No	396 (90.0)	259 (65.4)	137 (34.6)
Yes	44 (10.0)	30 (68.2)	14 (31.8)
Survival at 5 yr	34.2%	42.5%	25.1%	0.000

¹Adjacent organs invaded were diagnosed by the surgeon intraoperatively.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in 440 patients with advanced proximal gastric cancer after curative resection

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value	Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value
Age (yr)
> 60 vs ≤ 60	1.295 (1.031-1.628)	0.026	1.206 (0.928-1.567)	0.161
Tumor size (cm)
> 5 vs ≤ 5	2.118 (1.648-2.722)	0.000	1.246 (0.922-1.684)	0.153
Adjacent organs invaded1
With vs Without	1.630 (1.264-2.102)	0.000	1.436 (1.074-1.919)	0.015
Histologic differentiation
Poor vs well	1.370 (1.088-1.725)	0.007	1.278 (0.980-1.666)	0.070
AJCC pT category				0.996
pT3 vs pT2	1.707 (1.093-2.666)	0.019	1.019 (0.604-1.718)	0.943
pT4a vs pT2	2.405 (1.582-3.656)	0.000	1.024 (0.614-1.707)	0.927
AJCC pN category				0.000
pN1 vs pN0	1.758 (1.110-2.783)	0.016	1.487 (0.878-2.517)	0.140
pN2 vs pN0	2.996 (1.995-4.500)	0.000	2.501 (1.567-3.990)	0.000
pN3a vs pN0	4.531 (3.034-6.765)	0.000	3.406 (2.106-5.509)	0.000
pN3b vs pN0	6.377 (4.240-9.592)	0.000	4.245 (2.551-7.064)	0.000
Resection type
Total vs Proximal	1.772 (1.279-2.456)	0.001	1.103 (0.773-1.578)	0.590
Combined other organ resection
Yes vs No	1.579 (1.109-2.248)	0.011	1.189 (0.812-1.740)	0.374
LBVI
Positive vs Negative	1.750 (1.387-2.207)	0.000	1.200 (0.910-1.583)	0.197
Borrmann classification				0.019
Bor III vs Bor I-II	2.016 (1.321-3.077)	0.001	1.273 (0.807-2.006)	0.299
Bor IV vs Bor I-II	3.686 (2.295-5.922)	0.000	1.935 (1.131-3.311)	0.016

¹Adjacent organs invaded were diagnosed by the surgeon intraoperatively.