Plasma and wound fluid levels of eight proangiogenic proteins are elevated after colorectal resection

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the plasma and wound fluid study population (benign and cancer groups), n (%)

	Benign (n = 31)	Cancer (n = 35)
Age, yr (mean ± SD)	57.3± 14.1	63.6± 11.3
Sex (n):
Male	11 (35.0)	21 (60)
Female	20 (65.0)	14 (40)
Incision length, cm (mean ± SD)	8.3 ± 5.3	9.8 ± 6.0
Operative time, min (mean ± SD)	339.1 ± 116.1	430.1 ± 121.0
Length of stay, d (mean ± SD)	5.6 ± 2.3	7.7 ± 6.6
Type of resection:
Right	6 (19.0)	4 (11.0)
Transverse	1 (3.0)	3 (9.0)
Sigmoid/rectosigmoid	15 (48.0)	5 (14.0)
LAR/AR	4 (13.0)	12 (34.0)
APR	0 (0.0)	9 (26.0)
Hartman takedown with resection	2 (7.0)	0(0.0)
Total colectomy/proctocolectomy	3 (10.0)	2 (6.0)
Surgical method:
Laparoscopic-assisted	21 (68.0)	22 (63.0)
Hand-assisted/hybrid Laparoscopic	8 (26.0)	9 (26.0)
Open	2 (6)	4 (11)

LAR: Lower anterior resection; AR: Anterior reselection APR: Abdominoperineal resection.

Table 2 Range of mean % of increase of plasma proteins during post-operative period from pre-operative mean value

	Benign	Malignant
ANG-2	49-101	38-70
VEGF	64-169	104-202
MMP-2	19-39	16-37
PLGF	36-55	29-53
MMP-3	60-162	43-143
OPN	85-187	108-146
MCP-1	28-344	44-63
CHI3L1	45-946	196-1006

ANG2: Angiopoetin-2; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; MMP-2: Matrix metalloproteinase-2; PLGF: Placental growth factor; MMP3: Matrix metalloproteinase-3; OPN: Osteopontin; MCP-1: Monocyte chemotactic protein-1; CHI3L1: Chitinase 3 like protein-1.

Table 3 The fall increased in wound fluid per corresponding mean plasma levels

Analyzed protein	The fall increased in wound fluid per corresponding mean plasma levels								Increased range
	benign	cancer	benign	cancer	benign	cancer	benign	cancer	benign	cancer
	POD1	POD1	POD3	POD3	POD7-13	POD7-13	POD14-20	POD14-20
ANG-2	3.3	3.0	5.5	6.0	12.8	12.0	8.0	3.5	3-13	3-12
VEGF	15.5	19.0	22.9	36.0	59.0	61.0	60.5	106.0	16-61	19-106
MMP-2	0.96	2.0	1.8	2.0	4.5	4.0	4.5	3.3	1-5	2-4
PLGF	40.8	16.0	88.2	61.0	100.3	46.0	106.1	27.2	41-106	16-61
MMP-3	2.6	5.2	4.6	5.0	6.5	3.2	8.8	5.4	3-9	3.2-5.3
OPN	4.9	3.1	14.0	12.0	24.2	14.0	15.5	9.3	5-23	3.1-14
MCP-1	39.7	40.0	74.7	37.0	85.2	59.0	16.0	57.1	16-86	37-59
CHI3L1	0.6	0.7	6.9	3.0	5.7	9.0	3.6	5.0	1-7	3-9

ANG2: Angiopoetin-2; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; MMP2: Matrix metalloproteinase-2; PLGF: Placental growth factor; MMP3: Matrix metalloproteinase-3; OPN: Osteopontin; MCP-1: Monocyte chemotactic protein-1; CHI3L1: Chitinase 3 like protein-1; POD: Post-operative day.