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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Nov 15, 2025; 17(11): 109923
Published online Nov 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i11.109923
Figure 1
Figure 1 Molecular regulatory network of Osteopontin in gastrointestinal tumors. OPN: Osteopontin; CD44: Cluster of differentiation 44; PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases; PIP2: Phosphatidylinositol-4:5-bisphosphate; PIP3: Phosphatidylinositol-3:4:5-trisphosphate; PTEN: Phosphatase and tensin homolog; AKT: Protein kinase B; mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Figure 2
Figure 2 An illustrative map of the biological functions of Osteopontin. OPN: Osteopontin; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor-beta; MMPs: Matrix metalloproteinases; CAFs: Cancer-associated fibroblasts; CD: Cluster of differentiation.