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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Sep 15, 2026; 18(9): 120569
Published online Sep 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.120569
Published online Sep 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.120569
Clinical and pathological features and treatment of nine cases of gastrointestinal composite gangliocytoma/neuroma and neuroendocrine tumor
Peng-Cheng Zhang, Jing-Jie Wang, Ai-Qing Li, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
Jun Li, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
Co-first authors: Peng-Cheng Zhang and Jing-Jie Wang.
Author contributions: Zhang PC and Wang JJ contributed equally to this work and thus qualified as the co-first authors of the paper. Li AQ designed the study and was responsible for developing the methodology and the accuracy of the data analysis; Zhang PC, and Wang JJ participated in the formal analysis and investigation; Li J reviewed all histological samples to confirm the diagnosis; Zhang PC, and Wang JJ performed data analysis and wrote the original draft; Li AQ, Zhang PC, Wang JJ, Li J participated in the review and editing. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: (1) Doubao (an AI tool) was used to draft the preliminary English translation of the answering-reviewers document. ChatGPT, Grammarly, DeepL and other AI tool were not used; (2) Doubao only provided initial translation. All responses to reviewer comments were revised, restructured and supplemented manually by the authors; (3) Doubao only provided initial translation. No AI tool used for language polishing, data analysis, or writing assistance of the "Answering-Reviewers" document; (4) No AI tool participated in research design and result interpretation; and (5) No images in this document are AI-generated.
Institutional review board statement: This study was conducted in strict accordance with the ethical guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, No. 2025B-1511.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was waived considering the retrospective study design.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: The datasets analyzed in the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Please email the corresponding author at 3310015@zju.edu.cn.
Corresponding author: Ai-Qing Li, Chief Physician, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qinchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China. 3310015@zju.edu.cn
Received: March 3, 2026
Revised: March 30, 2026
Accepted: June 8, 2026
Published online: September 15, 2026
Processing time: 177 Days and 0.2 Hours
Revised: March 30, 2026
Accepted: June 8, 2026
Published online: September 15, 2026
Processing time: 177 Days and 0.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Composite gangliocytoma/neuroma and neuroendocrine tumor (CoGNET) is an extremely rare neuroendocrine neoplasm. This study reports the largest case series of gastrointestinal CoGNET in China to date, including the world’s first reported case of primary rectal CoGNET as we know. We systematically analyzed the clinicopathological, endoscopic, and radiological characteristics of 9 pathologically confirmed CoGNET cases. Our findings validated the safety and long-term efficacy of endoscopic resection, and confirmed an excellent prognosis for all patients, including the case with lymph node metastasis. This work provides pivotal real-world evidence to optimize clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for this rare disease.